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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">problendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы Эндокринологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Endocrinology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0375-9660</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2308-1430</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology Research Centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/probl200955543-48</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">problendo-11145</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Воспаление жировой ткани. Часть 2. Патогенетическая роль при сахарном диабете 2-го типа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Inflammation of adipose tissue. Part 2. Pathogenetic role in type 2 diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шварц</surname><given-names>Виктор</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shvarts</surname><given-names>V</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ведущий врач клиники реабилитации, руководитель отделения "Сахарный диабет и гастроэнтерологические заболевания"</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">schwarzmedizin@web.de</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>&lt;p&gt;Бад Колберг&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Германия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>&lt;p&gt;Bad Kolberg&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Germany</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2009</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2009</year></pub-date><volume>55</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title>ТОМ , №5 (2009)</issue-title><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шварц В., 2009</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2009</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шварц В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shvarts V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/11145">https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/11145</self-uri><abstract><p>В обзоре рассмотрено значение воспаления жировой ткани (ВЖТ) в развитии сахарного диабета 2-го типа (СД-2). ВЖТ является связующим звеном между ожирением и СД2. В обзоре конспективно показана роль основных адипокинов в развитии СД2 и детально описана роль таких факторов, как снижение секреции адипонектина и стимуляция продукции цитокинов, ведущих к нарушению обменных процессов, активации липолиза в адипоцитах, повышению уровня свободных жирных кислот, триглицеридов, эктопическому накоплению липидов, угнетению на рецепторном и внутриклеточном уровне действия инсулина. Адипокины, особенно цитокины, влияют на инсулиновый сигнальный путь и меняют внутриклеточный каскад воспалительных киназ. На внутриклеточном уровне ВЖТ такими путями, как стимуляция секреции цитокинов, оксидативный стресс, активация ферментов эндоплазматического ретикулума, стимулирует JNK и IKKβ/NF-kB, играющие ключевую роль в развитии инсулинорезистентности. Представлена их роль в угнетении внутриклеточного инсулинового сигнального пути за счет инактивации субстрата рецептора инсулина-1. Также показано, что ВЖТ нарушает функциональное состояние β-клеток и способствует прогрессированию снижения секреции инсулина.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This review deals with the role of adipose tissue inflammation (ATI) in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). ATI is regarded as a link between obesity and DM2. The review illustrates the involvement of main adipokines in pathogenesis of DM2 and provides a detailed description of such factors as impaired adiponectin and stimulation of cytokine production responsible for metabolic disorders, activation of lipolysis, in adipocytes, increased fatty acid and triglyceride levels, suppression of insulin activity at the receptor and intracellular levels. Adipokines, in the first place cytokines, act on the insulin signal pathway and affect the intracellular inflammatory kinase cascade. At the intercellular level, ATI stimulates JNK and IKK-beta/kB responsible for the development of insulin resistance via such mechanisms as activation of cytokine secretion in the adipose tissue, oxidative stress, and induction of endoplasmic reticulum enzymes. The key role of JNK and IKK-beta/kB in the inhibition of the insulin signal pathway is mediated through inactivation of insulin receptor substrate 1. Also, it is shown that ATI modulates B-cell function and promotes progressive reduction of insulin secretion.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>жировая ткань</kwd><kwd>воспаление</kwd><kwd>инсулинорезистентность</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>адипокины</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>adipose tissue</kwd><kwd>inflammation</kwd><kwd>insulin resistance</kwd><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>adipokines</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ожирение: этиология, патогенез, клинические аспекты / Под ред. И. И. Дедова, Г. А. Мельниченко. - М., 2004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ожирение: этиология, патогенез, клинические аспекты / Под ред. И. И. Дедова, Г. А. 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