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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">problendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы Эндокринологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Endocrinology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0375-9660</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2308-1430</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology Research Centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/probl11352</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">problendo-11352</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Состояние центральной нервной системы при экспериментальном сахарном диабете</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The central nervous system and experimental diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Швыркова</surname><given-names>H. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shvyrkova</surname><given-names>H. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">probl@endojournals.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>&lt;p&gt;НИИ нормальной физиологии им. П. К. Анохина РАМН&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>&lt;p&gt;Research Institute of normal physiology. P. K. Anokhin, RAMS&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>1995</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>02</month><year>1995</year></pub-date><volume>41</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title>ТОМ 41, №1 (1995)</issue-title><fpage>39</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Швыркова H.А., 1995</copyright-statement><copyright-year>1995</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Швыркова H.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shvyrkova H.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/11352">https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/11352</self-uri><abstract><p>После публикации данных об обнаружении инсулина в ткани мозга резко возрос интерес к изучению роли инсулина в центральной нервной системе (ЦНС) и изменений в ЦНС при сахарном диабете. У больных сахарным диабетом установлена высокая частота психических нарушений. Описаны осложнения со стороны нервной системы у детей, матери которых во время беременности были больны сахарным диабетом. Выявлена роль инсулина в развитии и дифференцировке нейронов, потенцировании синаптической активности, обмене катехоламинов, транскрипции генов в нервных клетках, что позволяет лучше понять механизм развития диабетической энцефалопатии. В настоящем обзоре дан анализ результатов экспериментальных исследований ЦНС при диабете.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>After the publication of data on the detection of insulin in brain tissue, interest in studying the role of insulin in the central nervous system (CNS) and changes in the central nervous system in diabetes mellitus increased sharply. In patients with diabetes, a high frequency of mental disorders has been established. Complications of the nervous system in children whose mothers were pregnant with diabetes during pregnancy are described in literature. The role of insulin in the development and differentiation of neurons, potentiation of synaptic activity, the exchange of catecholamines, transcription of genes in nerve cells has been identified, which allows a better understanding of the mechanism of diabetic encephalopathy. This review analyzes the results of experimental studies of the central nervous system in diabetes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>центральная нервная система</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>инсулин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>central nervous system</kwd><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>insulin</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Архипова Л. В., Кулаков А. В., Озолин О. 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