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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">problendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы Эндокринологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Endocrinology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0375-9660</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2308-1430</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology Research Centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/probl11385</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">problendo-11385</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клиническая эндокринология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical endocrinology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Радиационно-индуцированный патоморфоз эндемического зоба у детей и подростков в очаге йодного дефицита (начальные проявления отдаленных последствий чернобыльской катастрофы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Radiation-induced pathomorphism of endemic goiter in children and adolescents in a focus of iodine deficiency (initial manifestations of remore effects of the Chernobyl accident)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Касаткина</surname><given-names>Э. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kasatkina</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">probl@endojournals.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шилин</surname><given-names>Д. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shilin</surname><given-names>D. Ye.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">probl@endojournals.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матковская</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matkovskaya</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">probl@endojournals.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколовская</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolovskaya</surname><given-names>K N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">probl@endojournals.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">probl@endojournals.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Одуд</surname><given-names>Е. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Odud</surname><given-names>Ye. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">probl@endojournals.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мурсанкова</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mursankova</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">probl@endojournals.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ибрагимова</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ibragimova</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">probl@endojournals.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пыков</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pykov</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">probl@endojournals.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бронштейн</surname><given-names>М. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bronstein</surname><given-names>M. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">probl@endojournals.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поверенный</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Poverenny</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">probl@endojournals.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васина</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasina</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">probl@endojournals.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>&lt;p&gt;Российская медицинская академия последипломного образования&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>&lt;p&gt;Russian medical Academy of postgraduate education&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>1995</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>1995</year></pub-date><volume>41</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title>ТОМ 41, №3 (1995)</issue-title><fpage>17</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Касаткина Э.П., Шилин Д.Е., Матковская А.И., Соколовская В.Н., Волкова Т.Н., Одуд Е.A., Мурсанкова Н.М., Ибрагимова Г.В., Пыков М.И., Бронштейн М.Э., Поверенный А.М., Васина Т.Н., 1995</copyright-statement><copyright-year>1995</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Касаткина Э.П., Шилин Д.Е., Матковская А.И., Соколовская В.Н., Волкова Т.Н., Одуд Е.A., Мурсанкова Н.М., Ибрагимова Г.В., Пыков М.И., Бронштейн М.Э., Поверенный А.М., Васина Т.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kasatkina E.P., Shilin D.Y., Matkovskaya A.N., Sokolovskaya K.N., Volkova T.N., Odud Y.A., Mursankova N.M., Ibragimova G.V., Pykov M.I., Bronstein M.E., Poverenny A.M., Vasina T.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/11385">https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/11385</self-uri><abstract><p>Изучено формирование отдаленных последствий радиационного воздействия на тиреоидный статус населения, подвергшегося воздействию низких доз радиации. Проанализированы эпидемиологические, клинические, биохимические, гормональные, ультразвуковые, иммунологические и морфологические характеристики распространенности и интенсивности эндемического зоба у детей и подростков, проживающих в двух йододефицитных районах Орловской области, наблюдаемых после заражения их территории 137- Cs в дозе 1-5 Ки / км2 и 131-I в дозе 20-30 рад и в контрольном районе, свободном от радиационного загрязнения. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что под влиянием низкодозного комбинированного облучения эндемический зоб в наблюдаемых районах приобрел атипичные черты за шесть лет, прошедших с момента аварии на Чернобыльской АЭС, по сравнению с таковым в контрольном регионе: 1) Увеличена распространенность тиреомегалии, ее уровень несоразмерен со степенью имеющегося дефицита йода; 2) половые различия полностью отсутствуют; 3) максимальный поражение наблюдается у детей, подвергшихся воздействию радиоактивного йода в утробе матери; 4) морфологически преобладают варианты диффузного зоба с высоким риском образования узлов; 5) прогрессирующий рост паренхимы щитовидной железы связан с усилением элиминации тиреоглобулина, что повышает напряженность гуморального компонента антитиреоидного аутоиммунитета. Эти данные свидетельствуют о том, что модифицирующее воздействие низких доз облучения на эндемический зоб приводило к патоморфизму заболевания, связанному с онкологическим риском и повышенным риском развития аутоиммунного тиреоидита.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The formation of remote consequences of radiation effects on the thyroid status of the population exposed to low-dose radiation was studied. The authors analyzed epidemiological, clinical, biochemical, hormonal, ultrasonographic, immunological, and morphological characteristics of the prevalence and intensity of endemic goiter in children and adolescents living in two iodine-deficient districts of the Oryol region observed after contamination of their territory with 137-Cs in a dose of 1 to 5 Ci/km2 and in-corporation of 131-I in a dose of 20-30 rad and in a control district free from radiation contamination. The results indicate that under the effect of low-dose combined irradiation endemic goiter in the observed districts acquired atypical features in the six years that passed since the Chernobyl accident in comparison with that in the control region: 1) thyromegalia prevalence is increased, its level being disproportionate with the degree of the existent iodine deficiency; 2) sex-specific differences are completely absent; 3) the maximal strain is observed in children exposed to radioactive iodine in utero 4) morphologically, variants of diffuse goiter with a high risk of node formation predominate; 5) progressive growth of thyroid parenchyma is associated with increased thyroglobulin elimination, this increasing the strain of the humoral component of antithyroid autoimmunity. These data indicate that the modifying effect of low-dose exposure on endemic goiter resulted in the disease pathomorphism associated with oncological risk and increased risk of autoimmune thyroiditis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эндемический зоб</kwd><kwd>йодный дефицит</kwd><kwd>чернобыльская катастрофа</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>endemic goiter</kwd><kwd>iodine deficiency</kwd><kwd>Chernobyl disaster</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дедов В. И., Дедов И. И., Степаненко В. Ф. Радиационная эндокринология. — М., 1993.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Дедов В. И., Дедов И. И., Степаненко В. Ф. Радиационная эндокринология. — М., 1993.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дедов И. И., Цыб Л. Ф., Матвеенко Е. 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