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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">problendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы Эндокринологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Endocrinology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0375-9660</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2308-1430</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology Research Centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/probl12212</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">problendo-12212</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Нарушения углеводного обмена</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Carbohidrates metabolism disturbancies</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль сахарного диабета в возникновении и развитии эндотелиальной дисфункции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of diabetes in the onset and development of endothelial dysfunction</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7662-4755</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попыхова</surname><given-names>Эра Борисовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popyhova</surname><given-names>Era B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">PopyhovaEB@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8439-8033</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Вячеславовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanova</surname><given-names>Tatiana V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник центральной научно-исследовательской лаборатории</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Research Assistant of Central Scientific Research Laboratory</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cnil-sgmu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6219-3846</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лагутина</surname><given-names>Дарья Дмитриевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lagutina</surname><given-names>Dar’ya D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>лаборант-исследователь центральной научно-исследовательской лаборатории</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant of Central Scientific Research Laboratory</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cnil-sgmu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6332-5249</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кириязи</surname><given-names>Татьяна Святославовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiriiazi</surname><given-names>Tatiana S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., доцент кафедры медико-биологических дисциплин</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Associate Professor of Department of Biomedical Sciences</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fev.6171@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4061-5221</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>Алексей Николаевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>Alexey N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., доцент, заведующий центральной научно-исследовательской лаборатории</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dsc, Head of Central Scientific Research Laboratory</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lex558452@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Саратовский государственный медицинский университет им. В.И. Разумовского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saratov State Medical University named after V. I. Razumovsky</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Саратовский медицинский университет "Реавиз"</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saratov Medical University "Reaviz"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>66</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>47</fpage><lpage>55</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Попыхова Э.Б., Степанова Т.В., Лагутина Д.Д., Кириязи Т.С., Иванов А.Н., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Попыхова Э.Б., Степанова Т.В., Лагутина Д.Д., Кириязи Т.С., Иванов А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Popyhova E.B., Stepanova T.V., Lagutina D.D., Kiriiazi T.S., Ivanov A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12212">https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12212</self-uri><abstract><p>Эндотелий сосудов выполняет множество функций. Он является ключевым регулятором сосудистого гомеостаза, поддерживает баланс между вазодилатацией и вазоконстрикцией, ингибированием и стимулированием миграции и пролиферации клеток гладких мышц, фибринолизом и тромбообразованием, а также участвует в регуляции адгезии и агрегации тромбоцитов. Эндотелиальная дисфункция лежит в основе патогенеза сосудистых осложнений сахарного диабета. Целью настоящего обзора было рассмотрение механизмов, приводящих к возникновению эндотелиальной дисфункции при сахарном диабете. В работе рассматриваются современные литературные данные, касающиеся роли гипергликемии, окислительного стресса, конечных продуктов гликирования в альтерации эндотелия. Отдельный раздел посвящен особенностям функционирования системы антиоксидантов и их значению в развитии эндотелиальной дисфункции при сахарном диабете. Проведенный анализ литературы позволяет заключить, что при сахарном диабете патологическая активация путей утилизации глюкозы вызывает повреждение эндотелиальных клеток, что сопровождается нарушением всех их основных функций. Метаболические нарушения при сахарном диабете вызывают выраженный дисбаланс свободнорадикальных процессов и антиоксидантной защиты, сопровождаемых оксидативным стрессом эндотелиоцитов, который способствует прогрессированию эндотелиальной дисфункции и развитию сосудистых осложнений. Многие аспекты многокомпонентных регуляторных реакций в патогенезе развития эндотелиальной дисфункции при сахарном диабете до настоящего времени изучены недостаточно.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The vascular endothelium performs many functions. It is a key regulator of vascular homeostasis, maintains a balance between vasodilation and vasoconstriction, inhibition and stimulation of smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation, fibrinolysis and thrombosis, and is involved to regulation of platelet adhesion and aggregation. Endothelial dysfunction (ED) plays the critical role in pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM) vascular complications. The purpose of this review was to consider the mechanisms leading to the occurrence of ED in DM. The paper discusses current literature data concerning the role of hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, advanced glycation end products in endothelial alteration. A separate section is devoted to the particularities of the functioning of the antioxidant system and their significance in the development of ED in DM. The analysis of the literature allows to conclude that pathological activation of glucose utilization pathways causes damage of endothelial cells, which is accompanied by disorders of all their basic functions. Metabolic disorders in DM cause a pronounced imbalance of free radical processes and antioxidant defense, accompanied by oxidative stress of endotheliocytes, which contributes to the progression of ED and the development of vascular complications. Many aspects of multicomponent regulatory reactions in the pathogenesis of the development of ED in DM have not been sufficiently studied.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>повреждение эндотелия</kwd><kwd>эндотелиальная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>ангиопатия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>endothelial damage</kwd><kwd>endothelial dysfunction</kwd><kwd>angiopathy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания ФГБОУ ВО «Саратовский государственный медицинский университет им. В.И. Разумовского» Минздрава России "Разработка технологий медикаментозной и немедикаментозной коррекции микроциркуляторных нарушений при сахарном диабете, сопровождающемся абсолютной недостаточностью инсулина, в условиях эксперимента" (регистрационный номер АААА-А19-119021190053-0).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed in the frame work of the state assignment of the "Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky" Ministry of Health of Russia "Development of technologies for drug and non-drug correction of microcirculatory disorders in diabetes mellitus, accompanied by absolute insulin deficiency, inexperimental conditions" (registration number AAAA-A19-119021190053-0)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Куликов Д.А., Глазков А.А., Ковалева Ю.А., и др. 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