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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">problendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы Эндокринологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Endocrinology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0375-9660</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2308-1430</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology Research Centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/probl12762</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">problendo-12762</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Нарушения углеводного обмена</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Carbohidrates metabolism disturbancies</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Брадикинин и ангиотензин-превращающий фермент в крови больных с диабетической ретинопатией и прогноз развития диабетического макулярного отека (пилотное исследование)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bradykinin and angiotensin-converting enzyme in serum of patients with diabetic retinopathy and the prognosis of diabetic macular edema development (pilot study)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8480-0894</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нероев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Neroev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нероев Владимир Владимирович, д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 5214-4134</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Neroev, MD, PhD, prof., acad.</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 5214-4134</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@igb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7856-8005</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чеснокова</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chesnokova</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чеснокова Наталья Борисовна, д.б.н., профессор</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 8705-7248</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia B. Chesnokova, MD, PhD, prof.</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 8705-7248</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nchesnokova2012@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9665-0523</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кост</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kost</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кост Ольга Алексеевна, к.х.н.</p><p>химический факультет, Москва</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 6370-5935</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Kost, PhD</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 6370-5935</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olga.a.kost@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1121-4314</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Охоцимская</surname><given-names>Т. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Okhotsimskaya</surname><given-names>T. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Охоцимская Татьяна Дмитриевна, к.м.н.</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 9917-7103</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana D. Okhotsimskaya, MD, PhD</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 9917-7103</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tata123@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8032-4248</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павленко</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlenko</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павленко Татьяна Аркадьевна, к.м.н.</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 7940-3050</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana А. Pavlenko, MD, PhD</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 7940-3050</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tanya1975_@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7557-4955</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Безнос</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beznos</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Безнос Ольга Валерьевна</p><p>Москва, 105062, ул. Садовая-Черногрязская, д.14/19</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 7894-5162</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Beznos, PhD</p><p>14/19 Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya street, 105062, Moscow</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 7894-5162</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olval2011@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0575-6555</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Биневский</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Binevsky</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Биневский Петр Витальевич</p><p>химический факультет, Москва</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 7602-0234</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Peter V. Binevsky, PhD</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 7602-0234</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">binevski@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7787-8581</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лисовская</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lisovskaya</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лисовская Ольга Александровна</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 1223-8530</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Lisovskaya, PhD</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 1223-8530</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lisovskaya_oly@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр глазных болезней имени Гельмгольца</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Helmholtz National Medical center of Eye Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>School of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>67</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>13</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Нероев В.В., Чеснокова Н.Б., Кост О.А., Охоцимская Т.Д., Павленко Т.А., Безнос О.В., Биневский П.В., Лисовская О.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Нероев В.В., Чеснокова Н.Б., Кост О.А., Охоцимская Т.Д., Павленко Т.А., Безнос О.В., Биневский П.В., Лисовская О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Neroev V.V., Chesnokova N.B., Kost O.A., Okhotsimskaya T.D., Pavlenko T.A., Beznos O.V., Binevsky P.V., Lisovskaya O.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12762">https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12762</self-uri><abstract><p>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ. Диабетический макулярный отек (ДМО) — осложнение диабетической ретинопатии, приводящее к снижению зрения. В патогенезе ДМО важную роль играют компоненты ренин-ангиотензиновой и калликреинкининовой систем: ангиотензин-превращающий фермент (АПФ) и брадикинин (Бк).ЦЕЛЬ. Определить концентрацию Бк, концентрацию и активность АПФ в сыворотке крови больных пролиферативной диабетической ретинопатией (ПДР) и оценить значимость их определения для ранней диагностики ДМО.МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. В исследование включены две группы больных сахарным диабетом 2 типа с ПДР с наличием ДМО (n=9) и без него (n=27). Контрольная группа (n=14) — добровольцы сопоставимого возраста без диабета и офтальмопатологии. Уровни Бк и АПФ в сыворотке крови определяли методом иммуноферментного анализа, активность АПФ — по скорости гидролиза специфического субстрата.РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. У пациентов с ПДР без ДМО концентрация Бк в крови составила 12,00 (8,87; 13,99) пг/мл и не отличалась от нормы. У всех пациентов с ДМО содержание Бк превышало норму и составило 14,69 (13,68; 16,78) пг/мл (p&lt;0,01). Концентрация и активность АПФ у больных ПДР без ДМО повышены в среднем на 36% и 45% соответственно, при наличии ДМО концентрация АПФ увеличена на 27%, а активность АПФ не отличалась от нормальной. Отношение концентрации Бк к концентрации и активности АПФ у больных ПДР без ДМО снижено относительно нормы, а при наличии ДМО — повышено.ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. В крови больных с ДМО содержание Бк повышено, а без ДМО находится на уровне нормы, тогда как активность и концентрация АПФ выше у пациентов с ПДР без ДМО. Следовательно, при ДМО синтез Бк превалирует над его распадом, что способствует развитию ДМО. Отношение концентраций Бк к концентрации и активности АПФ при ДМО значительно возрастает, а при его отсутствии — падает. Таким образом, для прогнозирования развития ДМО и выявления его на ранних стадиях можно использовать измерение содержания Бк в крови больных ПДР. Еще более надежную информацию о развитии ДМО может дать измерение содержания или активности АПФ и вычисление отношения концентрации Бк к концентрации или активности АПФ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>BACKGROUND. Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a microvascular complication of diabetic retinopathy. One of the key roles in the pathogenesis of DME may belong to the components of rennin-angiotensin and kallikrein-kinin systems: bradykinin (Bk) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE).PURPOSE. To determine the Bk and ACE concentration and ACE activity in serum of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and to estimate the significance of these parameters for the early diagnostic and prognosis of DMO.MATERIALS AND METHODS. Serum was collected from the 2 groups of patients with II type diabetes. Group I (n=9) had DME, group II (n=27) had PDR without DME. Control group (n=14) consisted of adult volonteers without diabetes and ophthalmic diseases. Concentration of Bk and ACE was measured using ELISA kits, ACE activity was determined enzymatically with specific fluorogenic substrate.RESULTS. Concentration of Bk in serum of patients without DME did not differ from one in controls (12,00 (9,70; 12,40) pg/ml) while all patients with DME had Bk level of 14,69 (13,68; 16,78) pg/ml that was significantly higher (p&lt;0,01). In patients without DME ACE concentration (88,60 (77,30; 97,45) ng/ml) and ACE activity (6,8 (5,1;7,1) nmol/min·ml) were higher than normal (p&lt;0,01) while in the case of DME concentration of ACE increased (77,36 (70,24; 86,29 ng/ml, p&lt;0,01) and activity remained normal. The Bk/ACE concentrations ratio decreased in patients without DME and increased in those having DME.CONCLUSION. Patients with DME have increased Bk concentration along with nearly normal ACE concentration that indicate predominance of Bk synthesis over its degradation that may lead to the DME development. The Bk/ACE ratio decrease in patients with uncomplicated PDR and increase significantly in ones with DME. It means that determination of Bk in serum of patients with PDR may be used for the prediction of DME development. The Bk/ACE concentrations ratio may be even more informative.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>диабетическая ретинопатия</kwd><kwd>макулярный отек</kwd><kwd>брадикинин</kwd><kwd>ангиотензин-превращающий фермент</kwd><kwd>калликреин-кининовая система</kwd><kwd>ренин-ангиотензиновая система</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diabetic retinopathy</kwd><kwd>macular edema</kwd><kwd>bradykinin</kwd><kwd>angiotensin-converting enzyme</kwd><kwd>kallikrein-kinin system</kwd><kwd>rennin-angiotensin system</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Московский научно-исследовательский институт глазных болезней имени Гельмгольца» Минздрава России (регистрационная тема АААА-А21-121012090112-8); Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова» (регистрационная тема АААА-А16-116052010081-5).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тарасов М.С. Прогностические критерии эффективности лечения диабетического макулярного отёка: Дис. … канд. мед. наук. — Москва; 2019. Доступно по: https://viewer.rusneb.ru/ru/rsl01008589684. Ссылка активна на 13.07.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tarasov MS. Prognosticheskie kriterii effectivnosti lechenia diabeticheskogo makularnogo oteka. [dissertation]. Moscow; 2019. (in Russ.)]. Доступно по: https://viewer.rusneb.ru/ru/rsl01008589684. Ссылка активна на 13.07.2021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Липатов Д.В., Александрова В.К., Бессмертная Е.Г., и др. 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