problendoПроблемы ЭндокринологииProblems of Endocrinology0375-96602308-1430Endocrinology Research Centre10.14341/probl12818problendo-12818Research ArticleЭкспериментальная эндокринологияExperimental endocrinologyГенная и клеточная терапия функциональных патологий надпочечников: достижения и перспективыGene and cell therapy of adrenal pathology: achievements and prospectshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7199-1866ГлазоваО. В.GlazovaO. V.

Глазова Ольга Владимировна

117292, Москва, ул. Дм. Ульянова, д. 11

SPIN-код 5689-7421

Olga V. Glazova

11 Dm. Ulyanova street, 117292 Moscow

SPIN: 5689-7421

ol.glazova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9124-294XВоронцоваМ. В.VorontsovaM. V.

Воронцова Мария Владимировна, кандидат медицинских наук

Москва, Долгопрудный

SPIN-код 4168-6851

Maria V. Vorontsova

Moscow, Dolgoprudny

SPIN: 4168-6851

 

maria.vorontsova.endo@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3766-9395ШевковаЛ. В.SakrN.

Шевкова Людмила Владимировна

Москва, Долгопрудный

SPIN: 5799-0350

Nawar Sakr

Dolgoprudny

SPIN: 3171-7557

luda4everandever@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0768-4401СакрН.ShevkovaL. V.

Сакр Навар

Долгопрудный

SPIN-код 3171-7557

Liudmila V. Shevkova

Moscow, Dolgoprudny

SPIN: 5799-0350

sakr.nawar@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7563-097XОняновН. А.OnyanovN. A.

Онянов Никита Алексеевич

Долгопрудный

SPIN: 7244-2870

Nikita A. Onyanov

Dolgoprudny

SPIN: 7244-2870

onyanov.na@phystech.eduhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0879-3511КазиахмедоваС. А.KaziakhmedovaS. A.

Казиахмедова Самира Арсеновна

Долгопрудный

SPIN: 8278-0000

Samira A. Kaziakhmedova

Dolgoprudny

SPIN: 8278-0000

kaziakhmedova.sa@phystech.eduhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9794-6297ВолчковП. Ю.VolchkovP. Y.

Волчков Павел Юрьевич, кандидат биологических наук

Москва, Долгопрудный

SPIN-код 9611-8768

Pavel Y. Volchkov

Moscow, Dolgoprudny

SPIN: 9611-8768

 

volchkov.office@gmail.comНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии; Московский физико-технический институт (национальный исследовательский университет)РоссияEndocrinology Research Centre; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University)Russian FederationНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии; Московский физико-технический институт (национальный исследовательский университет)Russian FederationMoscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University)Russian FederationМосковский физико-технический институт (национальный исследовательский университет)Russian FederationEndocrinology Research Centre; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University)Russian FederationМосковский физико-технический институт (национальный исследовательский университет), Долгопрудный, РоссияRussian FederationMoscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University)Russian FederationМосковский физико-технический институт (национальный исследовательский университет)Russian FederationMoscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University)Russian Federation2021301220216768089Copyright © Глазова О.В., Воронцова М.В., Шевкова Л.В., Сакр Н.V., Онянов Н.А., Казиахмедова С.А., Волчков П.Ю., 20212021Глазова О.В., Воронцова М.В., Шевкова Л.В., Сакр Н., Онянов Н.А., Казиахмедова С.А., Волчков П.Ю.Glazova O.V., Vorontsova M.V., Sakr N., Shevkova L.V., Onyanov N.A., Kaziakhmedova S.A., Volchkov P.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12818

Современное понимание организации работы тканей и органов на молекулярном уровне в норме и патологии открывает существенные перспективы для разработки новых, принципиально иных подходов к лечению различных заболеваний. В частности, моногенные наследственные заболевания перестают быть приговором — появившиеся в последнее десятилетие методы геномного редактирования сейчас активно исследуются как инструменты для исправления мутаций в пораженных органах. В свою очередь, появляются новые протоколы получения различных типов клеток и клеточных систем человека и животных, отражающих реальные структуры in vivo. Все эти методы, а также совмещение генной и клеточной терапии активно разрабатываются, и некоторые подходы уже сейчас проходят клинические испытания. Надпочечниковая недостаточность, вызванная разными причинами, также может стать объектом разработки такого рода терапевтических стратегий. Надпочечники представляют собой сложно организованный орган, разные структурные части которого взаимодействуют друг с другом посредством сложной координации эндокринных и паракринных сигналов. В данном обзоре суммированы результаты исследований структурной организации и функционирования надпочечников на молекулярном уровне и современные подходы к лечению патологии надпочечников.

 

Our current understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms in tissues and organs during normal and pathological conditions opens up substantial prospects for the development of novel approaches to treatment of various diseases. For instance, lifelong replacement therapy is no longer mandatory for the management of some monogenic hereditary diseases. Genome editing techniques that have emerged in the last decade are being actively investigated as tools for correcting mutations in affected organs. Furthermore, new protocols for obtaining various types of human and animal cells and cellular systems are evolving, increasingly reflecting the real structures in vivo. These methods, together with the accompanying gene and cell therapy, are being actively developed and several approaches are already undergoing clinical trials. Adrenal insufficiency caused by a variety of factors can potentially be the target of such therapeutic strategies. The adrenal gland is a highly organized organ, with multiple structural components interacting with each other via a complex network of endocrine and paracrine signals. This review summarizes the findings of studies in the field of structural organization and functioning of the adrenal gland at the molecular level, as well as the modern approaches to the treatment of adrenal pathologies.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.