problendoПроблемы ЭндокринологииProblems of Endocrinology0375-96602308-1430Endocrinology Research Centre10.14341/probl12824problendo-12824Research ArticleКлиническая эндокринологияClinical endocrinologyПрименение радиоактивных веществ в медицине — история и перспективы развитияThe use of radioactive substances in medicine — history and development prospectshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3785-0335ШереметаМ. С.SheremetaM. S.

Шеремета Марина Сергеевна, кандидат медицинских наук

Москва

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Marina S. Sheremeta, MD, PhD

Moscow

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marina888@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5592-4727ТрухинА. А.TrukhinA. A.

Трухин Алексей Андреевич

Москва

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Alexey A. Trukhin

Moscow

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Alexey.trukhin12@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6954-1126КорчагинаМ. О.KorchaginaM. O.

Корчагина Мария Олеговна

119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8/2

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Maria O. Korchagina

8/2 Trubetskaya Street, 119991 Moscow

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mary16ko@gmail.comНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологииРоссияEndocrinology Research CentreRussian FederationПервый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. СеченоваРоссияI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityRussian Federation2021301220216765967Copyright © Шеремета М.С., Трухин А.А., Корчагина М.О., 20212021Шеремета М.С., Трухин А.А., Корчагина М.О.Sheremeta M.S., Trukhin A.A., Korchagina M.O.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12824

Ядерная медицина (ЯМ) – медицинская специальность, использующая радионуклиды (радиоактивные “трейсеры”) и ионизирующее излучение с диагностико-терапевтической (тераностической) целью. ЯМ возникла и развивается на стыке физики, химии и клинической медицины. Излучение, испускаемое радиоактивными изотопами, может состоять из гамма-лучей, бета- и альфа-частиц или их комбинации. Выбор радиоизотопа для медицинских целей осуществляется в соответствии со следующими требованиями: низкая радиотоксичность, подходящий тип радиоактивного излучения, энергия и период полураспада (от нескольких минут до нескольких часов и дней), а также удобное для регистрации гамма-излучение. Радионуклид входит в состав радиофармацевтического лекарственного препарата (РФЛП) и выполняет роль его маркера. РФЛП накапливается в анатомических структурах, становится переносчиком координированной информации от пациента к гамма-камере или другому медицинскому прибору и отражает динамику процессов, протекающих в исследуемом органе. В 2021 году ЯМ отмечает 80-летний юбилей. Траектория развития ЯМ объединяет современные методы радиотераностики, включая прикладные геномные и постгеномные технологии.

Nuclear medicine (NM) is a medical specialty that uses radionuclides (radioactive tracers) and ionising radiation for diagnostic and therapeutic (theranostic) purposes. Nuclear medicine arose and developed at the intersection of physics, chemistry and clinical medicine. The radiation emitted by radioisotopes can consist of gamma-, beta- and alpha emission, or it’s combination. Radioisotope of choice for medical purposes should have futher requirements: low radiotoxicity, suitable type of radiation, energy and half-life (several minutes to several hours and days), and also convenient detection of gamma ray radiation. The radionuclide is part of radiopharmaceutical (RP) and acts as its indicator. RP accumulates in morphological structures, becomes a carrier of coordinated information from patient to gamma camera or other equipment and reflects the dynamics of processes occurring in the examined organ. In 2021 NM celebrates its 80th anniversary. The trajectory of NM combines modern methods of radiotheranostics and applied genomic and post-genomic technologies.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.