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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">problendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы Эндокринологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Endocrinology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0375-9660</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2308-1430</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology Research Centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/probl13210</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">problendo-13210</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Детская эндокринология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Pediatric Endocrinology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Патогенные варианты гена TSHR у детей с дисгенезией щитовидной железы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pathogenic TSHR variants in children with thyroid dysgenesis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0031-1389</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шрёдер</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shreder</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шредер Екатерина Владимировна.</p><p>117036, Москва, ул. Дм. Ульянова, д. 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina V. Shreder - MD.</p><p>11 Dm. Ulyanova street, 117036 Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evshreder@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3876-6354</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вадина</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vadina</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вадина Татьяна Алексеевна – кандидат медицинских наук.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana A. Vadina - MD, PhD.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">klimenkopediatr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2406-9016</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солодовникова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solodovnikova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Солодовникова Екатерина Николаевна.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina N. Solodovnikova - MD.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">solodovnikova.ekaterina@endocrincentr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5949-5317</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Захарова Виктория Витальевна - кандидат медицинских наук.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktoria V. Zakharova - MD, PhD.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">neskvikk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5652-2607</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дегтярев</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Degtyarev</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дегтярев Михаил Владимирович.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail V. Degtyarev - MD, PhD.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">germed@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0743-5915</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Конюхова</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konyukhova</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Конюхова Марина Борисовна - кандидат медицинских наук.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina B. Konyukhova - MD, PhD.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">konyukhova-marina@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7289-5999</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергеева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergeeva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергеева Наталия Вячеславовна.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Sergeeva - MD.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">9153628774@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9621-5732</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Безлепкина</surname><given-names>О. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bezlepkina</surname><given-names>O. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Безлепкина Ольга Борисовна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga B. Bezlepkina - MD, PhD, Professor.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olgabezlepkina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии; Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Endocrinology Research Center; Morozov Children’s Municipal Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Endocrinology Research Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Morozov Children’s Municipal Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Детская поликлиника МБУЗ «Дмитровская городская больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Children’s polyclinic of Dmitrov City Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>76</fpage><lpage>85</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шрёдер Е.В., Вадина Т.А., Солодовникова Е.Н., Захарова В.В., Дегтярев М.В., Конюхова М.Б., Сергеева Н.В., Безлепкина О.Б., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шрёдер Е.В., Вадина Т.А., Солодовникова Е.Н., Захарова В.В., Дегтярев М.В., Конюхова М.Б., Сергеева Н.В., Безлепкина О.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shreder E.V., Vadina T.A., Solodovnikova E.N., Zakharova V.V., Degtyarev M.V., Konyukhova M.B., Sergeeva N.V., Bezlepkina O.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13210">https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13210</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ</title><p>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ. Одна из возможных причин дисгенезии щитовидной железы (ЩЖ) при врожденном гипотиреозе (ВГ) — инактивирующие мутации в гене рецептора тиреотропного гормона (ТТГ) (TSHR) (NP_000360.2). Гетерозиготные мутации гена TSHR приводят к частичной резистентности к ТТГ, гомозиготные и компаунд-гетерозиготные — к ­гипоплазии ЩЖ и полной резистентности. В последние десятилетия в зарубежной литературе появляется все больше данных, касающихся изучения этой проблемы, в то время как отечественные публикации ограничены единичными исследованиями. Изучение этого вопроса необходимо для понимания этиологии, патогенеза заболевания и особенностей тактики наблюдения и лечения пациентов.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Оценить частоту встречаемости патогенных вариантов гена TSHR у детей с дисгенезией ЩЖ при ВГ, изучить пути наследования заболевания в семьях и оценить фенотипические особенности.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Проведено одноцентровое интервенционное одномоментное несравнительное исследование. Обследованы дети с ВГ, обусловленным дисгенезией ЩЖ. Пациентам проведены УЗИ шеи и радиоизотопная визуализация тиреоидной ткани. Обследование проведено на фоне отмены гормональной терапии либо до ее начала. Произведена оценка структуры дисгенезии ЩЖ, выполнен поиск вариантов в гене TSHR методом NGS, обследованы родители и сибсы пациентов с мутациями гена TSHR.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. В исследование включены 95 детей (75 девочек; 20 мальчиков). Возраст на момент обследования составил 6,2 года [4,5; 8,9], медиана уровня неонатального ТТГ — 157,5 мЕ/л [60,9; 257,2]. Эктопия ЩЖ выявлена у 52% детей, аплазия — у 36%, гипоплазия и гемиагенезия — у 10 и 2% соответственно.</p><p>Мутации гена TSHR выявлены в 5,3% случаев (у 5 из 95 детей). Два ребенка имели моноаллельные варианты последовательности (по 1 гетерозиготному варианту — p.R450H и p.D487N), 3 — биаллельные (у 2 пробандов выявлена гомозиготная мутация p.S49Afs*9, 1 ребенок был компаунд-гетерозиготен по p.A485D и p.R450H). У всех пациентов по данным УЗИ имелась гипоплазия ЩЖ разной степени выраженности. Троим детям проведена тиреосцинтиграфия, выявлен сниженный захват радиофармакологического препарата (0,3–0,9%).</p><p>Обследование 15 членов семей выявило 9 человек с мутациями гена TSHR, при этом нарушений функции ЩЖ на момент обследования не было выявлено ни в одном случае.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Частота мутаций гена TSHR, по нашим данным, составила 5,3%. Выявлены 2 ранее не описанные гетерозиготные мутации. Генетическое исследование может помочь с постановкой диагноза, определением дальнейшего наблюдения и генетического консультирования.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>BACKGROUND</title><p>BACKGROUND: Loss-of-function mutations in the TSH receptor gene (TSHR) (NP_000360.2) are the potential causes of thyroid dysgenesis in patients with congenital hypothyroidism. Heterozygous variants of the TSHR gene lead to partial resistance to TSH, homozygous and compound heterozygous variants have been shown to cause CH due to thyroid hypoplasia or TSH resistance. Recently more and more articles in this field have appeared in the international literature sources, while local publications are limited. The studies are necessary to understand the etiology, pathogenesis of the disease, to improve the management of these patients.</p></sec><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM: To assess the frequency of incidence of pathogenic variants of the TSHR gene in children with CH due to thyroid dysgenesis. To study inheritance and phenotypic patterns of CH in families.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this single-center interventional one-stage non-comparative study a group of CH patients was examined. The patients underwent neck ultrasound and radionuclide imaging. The examination was performed 14 days after hormone replacement therapy suspension or prior to its initiation. The structure of thyroid dysgenesis was estimated, genetic testing for mutations in the TSHR gene was performed using the NGS method.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: The study included 95 children with primary CH (75 girls; 20 boys). The patients’ median age at the time of examination was 6.2 years [4.5; 8.9], the median level of neonatal TSH was 157.5 mU/l [60.9; 257.2]. Ectopic thyroid was found in 52% of children, aplasia in 36%, hypoplasia and hemiagenesis in 10% and 2%, respectively. In 5.4% of cases (in 5 out of 95 patients), different variants of the TSH gene were detected. Two children had heterozygous p.R450H and p.D487N variants in TSHR gene, two patients was homozygous for the p.S49Afs * 9 variant, one child had compound heterozygous variants (p.A485D and p.R450H). According to ultrasound imaging, all patients had thyroid hypoplasia of varying severity. Three children underwent thyroid scintigraphy, which revealed decreased 99mТc pertechnetate uptake (0.3–0.9%).</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: In our study, the incidence of different variants in the TSHR gene in children with CH was 5.3%. Our analysis uncovered two previously undescribed variants. Genetic testing may be able to help with making the diagnosis, patient’s management, and genetic counseling.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>врожденный гипотиреоз</kwd><kwd>дисгенезия щитовидной железы</kwd><kwd>эктопия щитовидной железы</kwd><kwd>гипоплазия щитовидной железы</kwd><kwd>рецептор ТТГ</kwd><kwd>TSHR</kwd><kwd>резистентность к ТТГ</kwd><kwd>неаутоиммунный субклинический гипотиреоз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>сongenital hypothyroidism</kwd><kwd>thyroid dysgenesis</kwd><kwd>ectopia of the thyroid gland</kwd><kwd>thyroid hypoplasia</kwd><kwd>resistance to TSH</kwd><kwd>TSHR</kwd><kwd>nonautoimmune isolated hyperthyrotropinemia</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках Государственного задания в части реализации протокола клинической апробации: «Метод гибридной анатомо-функциональной визуализации тиреоидной ткани для топической и функциональной диагностики ВГ у детей» (№2019-15-21), а также при поддержке Благотворительного фонда «Культура благотворительности» в рамках программы «Альфа-Эндо» (молекулярно-генетический блок обследования). 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