<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">problendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы Эндокринологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Endocrinology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0375-9660</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2308-1430</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology Research Centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/probl13328</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">problendo-13328</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Детская эндокринология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Pediatric Endocrinology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка стероидного профиля в слюне у пациентов с врожденной дисфункцией коры надпочечников</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A promising approach for therapy control in congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Problems of Endocrinology</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8159-8769</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тюльпаков</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tiulpakov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тюльпаков Михаил Анатольевич</p><p>117036, Москва, ул. Дмитрия Ульянова, д. 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Tiulpakov</p><p>117036 Moscow, Dm. Ulyanova str., 11</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tylpakov94@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6429-7198</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нагаева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nagaeva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нагаева Елена Витальевна - д.м.н.</p><p>Elena V. Nagaeva - MD, PhD.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Nagaeva - MD, PhD.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nagaeva.elena@endocrincentr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2000-7694</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинченко</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinchenko</surname><given-names>N. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калинченко Наталья Юрьевна - к.м.н.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nataliya Y. Kalinchenko - MD, PhD.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kalinnat@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9621-5732</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Безлепкина</surname><given-names>О. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bezlepkina</surname><given-names>O. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Безлепкина Ольга Борисовна - профессор, д.м.н.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga B. Bezlepkina - professor, Doctor of Medicine.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olga.bezlepkina@endocrincentr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Endocrinology Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>102</fpage><lpage>108</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тюльпаков М.А., Нагаева Е.В., Калинченко Н.Ю., Безлепкина О.Б., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тюльпаков М.А., Нагаева Е.В., Калинченко Н.Ю., Безлепкина О.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tiulpakov M.A., Nagaeva E.V., Kalinchenko N.Y., Bezlepkina O.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13328">https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13328</self-uri><abstract><p>Врожденная дисфункция коры надпочечников (ВДКН) — группа аутосомно-рецессивных заболеваний, требующих пожизненной заместительной терапии глюкокортикоидами (ГК). Недостаточность терапии ГК приводит к преждевременному половому развитию у мальчиков, гетеросексуальному развитию у девочек, ускоренному костному созреванию и низкому конечному росту. В подростковом возрасте недостаточность терапии ГК является причиной нарушения становления менструального цикла у девочек и развития опухолевых образований яичек у мальчиков, в конечном счете — снижения репродуктивного потенциала у лиц обоих полов. С другой стороны, передозировка ГК приводит к медикаментозному синдрому Иценко–Кушинга. С целью подбора адекватных доз ГК в детском и подростковом возрасте необходимы многократные определения концентраций 17-гидроксипрогестерона, андростендиона и тестостерона плазмы крови, а следовательно — многократные заборы венозной крови. Процедура забора крови зачастую вызывает «стрессорную реакцию» у маленьких пациентов, влияя на полученные гормональные результаты, требует специально обученного медицинского персонала. В связи с этим разработка и внедрение неинвазивного метода определения стероидного профиля чрезвычайно важны при мониторинге терапии ГК у детей. Помимо этого, используемый в настоящее время иммунофлюоресцентный анализ не позволяет исследовать другие надпочечниковые стероиды, обладает высокой погрешностью за счет «перекрестной реакции» близких по строению стероидов, что завышает полученные результаты. В отличие от иммуноферментного анализа, метод жидкостной хроматографии и тандемной масс-спектрометрии более предпочтителен, так как обладает большей специфичностью и точностью. Представленный в литературном обзоре неинвазивный метод определения стероидного профиля в слюне, предлагаемой в качестве альтернативного субстрата, способен нивелировать вышеназванные недостатки, упростить и сделать более точным подбор терапии ГК у пациентов с ВДКН, что особенно важно в детском возрасте.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of autosomal recessive disorders requiring lifelong glucocorticoid replacement (GC) therapy. Lack of GC therapy leads to precocious puberty in boys, heterosexual development in girls, accelerated bone maturation and short final height in both sexes. In adolescence, the lack of GC therapy is the cause of menstrual disorders in girls and the development of TART in boys, as a result reducing the reproductive potential in both sexes. On the other hand, an overdose of GC leads to drug-induced Itsenko-Cushing’s syndrome. In order to select adequate doses of GC in childhood and adolescence, multiple determinations of 17-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione, and testosterone in blood plasma, and thus multiple venous blood sampling are required. The blood sampling requires specially trained medical staff and can effect on the results due to stress reaction especially in young patients. Hence, the development and implementation of a non-invasive method for determining the steroid profile is extremely important in monitoring GC therapy in children. In addition, the currently used immunofluorescence assay cannot determine other adrenal steroids, has a high variation due to the «cross-reaction» of steroids that are similar in structure, which inflates the results. Unlike immunofluorescence assay, liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry is more preferable method, since it is more specific and accurate. In this literature review, saliva presented as an alternative substrate and the non-invasive method for determining the steroid profile. This method can solve the above disadvantages, simplify and make more accurate the selection of GC therapy in patients with CAH, which is especially important in childhood.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>врожденная дисфункция коры надпочечников</kwd><kwd>слюна</kwd><kwd>высокоэффективная жидкостная хроматография и тандемная масс-спектрометрия</kwd><kwd>17-гидроксипрогестерон</kwd><kwd>андростендион</kwd><kwd>тестостерон</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>congenital adrenal hyperplasia</kwd><kwd>saliva</kwd><kwd>high-performance liquid chromatography</kwd><kwd>17-hydroxyprogesterone</kwd><kwd>androstendione</kwd><kwd>testosterone</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания «Персонализация терапии врожденной дисфункции коры надпочечников на основе исследования стероидного профиля слюны» №123021000036-2</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="cit1"><element-citation><name><surname>Kareva</surname> <given-names>M A</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Chugunov</surname> <given-names>I S</given-names> </name> <article-title>Federal clinical practice guidelines on the management of the patients presenting with congenital adrenal hyperplasia</article-title> <source>Problems of Endocrinology</source> <year>2015</year> <month>01</month> <fpage>42</fpage> <lpage>50</lpage> <volume>60</volume> <issue>2</issue> <object-id pub-id-type="doi" specific-use="metadata">10.14341/probl201460242-50</object-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="cit2"><mixed-citation publication-type="commun" publication-format="web"><name><surname>Dedov</surname> <given-names>I.I.</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Peterkova</surname> <given-names>V.A.</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Malievskii</surname> <given-names>O.A.</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Shiryaeva</surname> <given-names>T.Yu.</given-names></name> <article-title>Detskaya endokrinologiya : uchebnik.</article-title> — M.: GEOTAR-Media; <year>2016</year>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="cit3"><mixed-citation publication-type="commun" publication-format="web"><name><surname>Molashenko</surname> <given-names>N.V.</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Sazonova</surname> <given-names>A.I.</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Troshina</surname> <given-names>E.A.</given-names></name> <article-title>Vrozhdennaya disfunktsiya kory nadpochechnikov u vzroslykh patsientov: algoritm diagnostiki i lecheniya</article-title> // <source>Consilium Medicum.</source> — <year>2017</year>. — T. <volume>19</volume>. — №<month>4</month>. — <fpage>70</fpage>-<lpage>74</lpage>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="cit4"><mixed-citation publication-type="commun" publication-format="web"><name><surname>Mokrysheva</surname> <given-names>N.G.</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Mel'nichenko</surname> <given-names>G.A.</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Adamyan</surname> <given-names>L.V.</given-names></name>, i dr. <article-title>Klinicheskie rekomendatsii «vrozhdennaya disfunktsiya kory nadpochechnikov (adrenogenital'nyi sindrom)»</article-title> // <source>Ozhirenie i metabolizm.</source> — <year>2021</year>. — T. <volume>18</volume>. — №<month>3</month>. — S. <fpage>345</fpage>-<lpage>382</lpage>. doi: https://doi.org/<object-id pub-id-type="doi" specific-use="metadata">10.14341/omet12787</object-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="cit5"><element-citation><name><surname>Nordenström</surname> <given-names>Anna</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Falhammar</surname> <given-names>Henrik</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Lajic</surname> <given-names>Svetlana</given-names> </name> <article-title>Current and Novel Treatment Strategies in Children with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia</article-title> <source>Hormone Research in Paediatrics</source> <year>2022</year> <month>01</month> <fpage>560</fpage> <lpage>572</lpage> <volume>96</volume> <issue>6</issue> <object-id pub-id-type="doi" specific-use="metadata">10.1159/000522260</object-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="cit6"><element-citation><name><surname>Mallappa</surname> <given-names>Ashwini</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Merke</surname> <given-names>Deborah P.</given-names> </name> <article-title>Management challenges and therapeutic advances in congenital adrenal hyperplasia</article-title> <source>Nature Reviews Endocrinology</source> <year>2022</year> <month>04</month> <fpage>337</fpage> <lpage>352</lpage> <volume>18</volume> <issue>6</issue> <object-id pub-id-type="doi" specific-use="metadata">10.1038/s41574-022-00655-w</object-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="cit7"><mixed-citation publication-type="commun" publication-format="web"><name><surname>Claahsen-van der Grinten</surname> <given-names>HL</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Speiser</surname> <given-names>PW</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Ahmed</surname> <given-names>SF</given-names></name>, et al. <article-title>Congenital adrenal hyperplasia—current insights in pathophysiology, diagnostics, and management.</article-title> <source>Endocr Rev.</source> <year>2022</year>;<issue>43(1)</issue>:<fpage>91</fpage>-<lpage>159</lpage>. doi: https://doi.org/<object-id pub-id-type="doi" specific-use="metadata">10.1210/endrev/bnab016</object-id></mixed-citation></ref><ref id="cit8"><mixed-citation publication-type="commun" publication-format="web"><name><surname>Ob\"edkova</surname> <given-names>E.V.</given-names></name> <article-title>Razrabotka skhemy opredeleniya steroidnykh gormonov i nesteroidnykh protivovospalitel'nykh preparatov v biologicheskikh zhidkostyakh metodom VETSKh.</article-title> Dis. ... kand. khim. nauk. — Sankt-Peterburg; <year>2014</year>. <lpage>180</lpage> s.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="cit9"><mixed-citation publication-type="commun" publication-format="web"><name><surname>Anosova</surname> <given-names>T.A.</given-names></name> <article-title>Analiz rasprostranennosti neklassicheskoi formy defitsita 21-gidroksilazy v rossiiskoi populyatsii i kliniko-gormonal'nye osobennosti zabolevaniya u detei rannego vozrasta.</article-title> Dis. ... kand. med. nauk. — M.; <year>2015</year>. <lpage>162</lpage> s.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="cit10"><element-citation><name><surname>Ionova</surname> <given-names>T A</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Kalinchenko</surname> <given-names>N Iu</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Tiul'pakov</surname> <given-names>A N</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Nizhnik</surname> <given-names>A N</given-names> </name> <article-title>The comparative assessment of the effectiveness of immunoanalysis and tandem mass spectrometry applied for re-testing the children with suspected congenital adrenal cortical hyperplasia</article-title> <source>Problems of Endocrinology</source> <year>2014</year> <month>03</month> <fpage>12</fpage> <lpage>18</lpage> <volume>59</volume> <issue>2</issue> <object-id pub-id-type="doi" specific-use="metadata">10.14341/probl201359212-18</object-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="cit11"><element-citation><name><surname>Riepe</surname> <given-names>F.G</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Krone</surname> <given-names>N</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Peter</surname> <given-names>M</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Sippell</surname> <given-names>W.G</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Partsch</surname> <given-names>C.-J</given-names> </name> <article-title>Chromatographic system for the simultaneous measurement of plasma 18-hydroxy-11-deoxycorticosterone and 18-hydroxycorticosterone by radioimmunoassay: reference data for neonates and infants and its application in aldosterone-synthase deficiency</article-title> <source>Journal of Chromatography B</source> <year>2003</year> <month>01</month> <fpage>293</fpage> <lpage>301</lpage> <volume>785</volume> <issue>2</issue> <object-id pub-id-type="doi" specific-use="metadata">10.1016/s1570-0232(02)00921-2</object-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="cit12"><element-citation><name><surname>Munar</surname> <given-names>Ada</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Clinton Frazee</surname> <given-names>C.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Garg</surname> <given-names>Uttam</given-names> </name> <article-title>Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) Method for the Quantification of Steroids Androstenedione, Dehydroepiandrosterone, 11-Deoxycortisol, 17-Hydroxyprogesterone, and Testosterone</article-title> <source>Clinical Applications of Mass Spectrometry in Biomolecular Analysis</source> <year>2022</year> <month>09</month> <fpage>451</fpage> <lpage>457</lpage> <object-id pub-id-type="doi" specific-use="metadata">10.1007/978-1-0716-2565-1_40</object-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="cit13"><element-citation><name><surname>Cavarzere</surname> <given-names>Paolo</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Camilot</surname> <given-names>Marta</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Palma</surname> <given-names>Laura</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Lauriola</surname> <given-names>Silvana</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Gaudino</surname> <given-names>Rossella</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Vincenzi</surname> <given-names>Monica</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Antoniazzi</surname> <given-names>Franco</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Teofoli</surname> <given-names>Francesca</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Piacentini</surname> <given-names>Giorgio</given-names> </name> <article-title>Twenty Years of Neonatal Screening for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia in North-Eastern Italy: Role of Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry as a Second-Tier Test</article-title> <source>Hormone Research in Paediatrics</source> <year>2022</year> <month>03</month> <fpage>255</fpage> <lpage>263</lpage> <volume>95</volume> <issue>3</issue> <object-id pub-id-type="doi" specific-use="metadata">10.1159/000524170</object-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="cit14"><element-citation><name><surname>Vats</surname> <given-names>Pallavi</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Dabas</surname> <given-names>Aashima</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Jain</surname> <given-names>Vandana</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Seth</surname> <given-names>Anju</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Yadav</surname> <given-names>Sangeeta</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Kabra</surname> <given-names>Madhulika</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Gupta</surname> <given-names>Neerja</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Singh</surname> <given-names>Preeti</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Sharma</surname> <given-names>Rajni</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Kumar</surname> <given-names>Ravindra</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Polipalli</surname> <given-names>Sunil K.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Batra</surname> <given-names>Prerna</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Thelma</surname> <given-names>B. K.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Kapoor</surname> <given-names>Seema</given-names> </name> <article-title>Newborn Screening and Diagnosis of Infants with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia</article-title> <source>Indian Pediatrics</source> <year>2020</year> <month>01</month> <fpage>49</fpage> <lpage>55</lpage> <volume>57</volume> <issue>1</issue> <object-id pub-id-type="doi" specific-use="metadata">10.1007/s13312-020-1703-3</object-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="cit15"><element-citation><name><surname>Lennartsson</surname> <given-names>Anna-Karin</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Kushnir</surname> <given-names>Mark M.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Bergquist</surname> <given-names>Jonas</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Billig</surname> <given-names>Håkan</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Jonsdottir</surname> <given-names>Ingibjörg H.</given-names> </name> <article-title>Sex steroid levels temporarily increase in response to acute psychosocial stress in healthy men and women</article-title> <source>International Journal of Psychophysiology</source> <year>2012</year> <month>03</month> <fpage>246</fpage> <lpage>253</lpage> <volume>84</volume> <issue>3</issue> <object-id pub-id-type="doi" specific-use="metadata">10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.03.001</object-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="cit16"><element-citation><name><surname>Bellagambi</surname> <given-names>Francesca G.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Lomonaco</surname> <given-names>Tommaso</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Salvo</surname> <given-names>Pietro</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Vivaldi</surname> <given-names>Federico</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Hangouët</surname> <given-names>Marie</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Ghimenti</surname> <given-names>Silvia</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Biagini</surname> <given-names>Denise</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Di Francesco</surname> <given-names>Fabio</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Fuoco</surname> <given-names>Roger</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Errachid</surname> <given-names>Abdelhamid</given-names> </name> <article-title>Saliva sampling: Methods and devices. An overview</article-title> <source>TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry</source> <year>2019</year> <month>12</month> <fpage>115781</fpage> <volume>124</volume> <object-id pub-id-type="doi" specific-use="metadata">10.1016/j.trac.2019.115781</object-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="cit17"><element-citation><name><surname>Wood</surname> <given-names>Peter</given-names> </name> <article-title>Salivary steroid assays – research or routine?</article-title> <source>Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine</source> <year>2009</year> <month>04</month> <fpage>183</fpage> <lpage>196</lpage> <volume>46</volume> <issue>3</issue> <object-id pub-id-type="doi" specific-use="metadata">10.1258/acb.2008.008208</object-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="cit18"><element-citation><name><surname>Hofman</surname> <given-names>Lindsay F.</given-names> </name> <article-title>Human Saliva as a Diagnostic Specimen</article-title> <source>The Journal of Nutrition</source> <year>2018</year> <month>01</month> <fpage>1621S</fpage> <lpage>1625S</lpage> <volume>131</volume> <issue>5</issue> <object-id pub-id-type="doi" specific-use="metadata">10.1093/jn/131.5.1621s</object-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="cit19"><element-citation><name><surname>Granger</surname> <given-names>Douglas A.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Kivlighan</surname> <given-names>Katie T.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Fortunato</surname> <given-names>Christine</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Harmon</surname> <given-names>Amanda G.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Hibel</surname> <given-names>Leah C.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Schwartz</surname> <given-names>Eve B.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Whembolua</surname> <given-names>Guy-Lucien</given-names> </name> <article-title>Integration of salivary biomarkers into developmental and behaviorally-oriented research: Problems and solutions for collecting specimens</article-title> <source>Physiology &amp; Behavior</source> <year>2007</year> <month>05</month> <fpage>583</fpage> <lpage>590</lpage> <volume>92</volume> <issue>4</issue> <object-id pub-id-type="doi" specific-use="metadata">10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.05.004</object-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="cit20"><element-citation><name><surname>Navazesh</surname> <given-names>M.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Christensen</surname> <given-names>C.M.</given-names> </name> <article-title>A Comparison of Whole Mouth Resting and Stimulated Salivary Measurement Procedures</article-title> <source>Journal of Dental Research</source> <year>2010</year> <month>11</month> <fpage>1158</fpage> <lpage>1162</lpage> <volume>61</volume> <issue>10</issue> <object-id pub-id-type="doi" specific-use="metadata">10.1177/00220345820610100901</object-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="cit21"><element-citation><name><surname>WALKER</surname> <given-names>R. F.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>HUGHES</surname> <given-names>I.A.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>RIAD‐FAHMY</surname> <given-names>D.</given-names> </name> <article-title>SALIVARY 17α‐HYDROXYPROGESTERONE IN CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA</article-title> <source>Clinical Endocrinology</source> <year>2008</year> <month>03</month> <fpage>631</fpage> <lpage>637</lpage> <volume>11</volume> <issue>6</issue> <object-id pub-id-type="doi" specific-use="metadata">10.1111/j.1365-2265.1979.tb03118.x</object-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="cit22"><mixed-citation publication-type="commun" publication-format="web"><name><surname>Fofanova</surname> <given-names>O.V.</given-names></name> <article-title>Sovremennye podkhody k vyboru effektivnoi gormonal'noi terapii i ee kontrolyu pri vrozhdennoi disfunktsii kory nadpochechnikov u detei.</article-title> Dis. ... kand. med. nauk. — M.; <year>1989</year>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="cit23"><element-citation><name><surname>Shindo</surname> <given-names>Noriko</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Yamauchi</surname> <given-names>Noriko</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Murayama</surname> <given-names>Kimie</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Fairbrother</surname> <given-names>Ann</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Krolik</surname> <given-names>Stefan</given-names> </name> <article-title>Identification of 17‐hydroxyprogesterone and other steroid hormones in saliva from a normal child and patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia by plasmaspray liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry</article-title> <source>Biomedical Chromatography</source> <year>2005</year> <month>05</month> <fpage>171</fpage> <lpage>174</lpage> <volume>4</volume> <issue>4</issue> <object-id pub-id-type="doi" specific-use="metadata">10.1002/bmc.1130040413</object-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="cit24"><element-citation><name><surname>Gröschl</surname> <given-names>Michael</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Rauh</surname> <given-names>Manfred</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Dörr</surname> <given-names>Helmuth-Günther</given-names> </name> <article-title>Circadian Rhythm of Salivary Cortisol, 17α-Hydroxyprogesterone, and Progesterone in Healthy Children</article-title> <source>Clinical Chemistry</source> <year>2004</year> <month>02</month> <fpage>1688</fpage> <lpage>1691</lpage> <volume>49</volume> <issue>10</issue> <object-id pub-id-type="doi" specific-use="metadata">10.1373/49.10.1688</object-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="cit25"><mixed-citation publication-type="commun" publication-format="web"><name><surname>Juniarto</surname> <given-names>AZ</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Goossens</surname> <given-names>K</given-names></name>, <name><surname>Setyawati</surname> <given-names>BA</given-names></name>, e. <article-title>Correlation between androstenedione and 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels in the saliva and plasma of patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.</article-title> <source>Singapore Med J.</source> <year>2011</year>;<issue>52(11)</issue>:<fpage>810</fpage>-<lpage>813</lpage>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="cit26"><mixed-citation publication-type="commun" publication-format="web"><name><surname>Belaya</surname> <given-names>Zh.E.</given-names></name> <article-title>Rannyaya diagnostika endogennogo giperkortitsizma. Kanonicheskii WNT signal'nyi put' i izmenenie kostnogo metabolizma pri glyukokortikoidnom osteoporoze.</article-title> Dis. … d-ra med. nauk. — M.; <year>2014</year>.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="cit27"><element-citation><name><surname>Jurgens</surname> <given-names>Eline</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Knaven</surname> <given-names>Edward</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Hegeman</surname> <given-names>Eva</given-names> </name> <name><surname>van Gemert</surname> <given-names>Marjolein</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Emmen</surname> <given-names>Judith</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Mulder</surname> <given-names>Yvonne</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Ijsselstijn</surname> <given-names>Linda</given-names> </name> <name><surname>de Rooij</surname> <given-names>Ben</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Noij</surname> <given-names>Theo</given-names> </name> <article-title>Quantitative Profiling of Seven Steroids in Saliva using LC-MS/MS</article-title> <source>Journal of Applied Bioanalysis</source> <year>2019</year> <month>04</month> <fpage>34</fpage> <lpage>45</lpage> <volume>5</volume> <issue>2</issue> <object-id pub-id-type="doi" specific-use="metadata">10.17145/jab.19.006</object-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="cit28"><element-citation><name><surname>Bacila</surname> <given-names>Irina</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Adaway</surname> <given-names>Jo</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Hawley</surname> <given-names>James</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Mahdi</surname> <given-names>Sundus</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Krone</surname> <given-names>Ruth</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Patel</surname> <given-names>Leena</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Alvi</surname> <given-names>Sabah</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Randell</surname> <given-names>Tabitha</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Gevers</surname> <given-names>Evelien</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Dattani</surname> <given-names>Mehul</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Cheetham</surname> <given-names>Timothy</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Kyriakou</surname> <given-names>Andreas</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Schiffer</surname> <given-names>Lina</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Ryan</surname> <given-names>Fiona</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Crowne</surname> <given-names>Elizabeth</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Davies</surname> <given-names>Justin H</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Ahmed</surname> <given-names>Syed Faisal</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Keevil</surname> <given-names>Brian</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Krone</surname> <given-names>Nils</given-names> </name> <article-title>Measurement of Salivary Adrenal-Specific Androgens as Biomarkers of Therapy Control in 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency</article-title> <source>The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism</source> <year>2019</year> <month>08</month> <fpage>6417</fpage> <lpage>6429</lpage> <volume>104</volume> <issue>12</issue> <object-id pub-id-type="doi" specific-use="metadata">10.1210/jc.2019-00031</object-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="cit29"><element-citation><name><surname>Adriaansen</surname> <given-names>Bas P. H.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Kamphuis</surname> <given-names>Johannes S.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Schröder</surname> <given-names>Mariska A. M.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Olthaar</surname> <given-names>André J.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Bock</surname> <given-names>Carina</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Brandt</surname> <given-names>André</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Stikkelbroeck</surname> <given-names>Nike M. M. L.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Lentjes</surname> <given-names>Eef G. W. M.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Span</surname> <given-names>Paul N.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Sweep</surname> <given-names>Fred C. G. J.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Claahsen‐van der Grinten</surname> <given-names>Hedi L.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>van Herwaarden</surname> <given-names>Antonius E.</given-names> </name> <article-title>Diurnal salivary androstenedione and 17‐hydroxyprogesterone levels in healthy volunteers for monitoring treatment efficacy of patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia</article-title> <source>Clinical Endocrinology</source> <year>2022</year> <month>02</month> <fpage>36</fpage> <lpage>42</lpage> <volume>97</volume> <issue>1</issue> <object-id pub-id-type="doi" specific-use="metadata">10.1111/cen.14690</object-id></element-citation></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
