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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">problendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы Эндокринологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Endocrinology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0375-9660</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2308-1430</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology Research Centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/probl13669</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">problendo-13669</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Детская эндокринология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Pediatric Endocrinology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Дифференцированная карцинома щитовидной железы у детей и подростков</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Differentiated thyroid carcinoma in children and adolescents</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6429-7198</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нагаева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nagaeva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нагаева Елена Витальевна, д.м.н. </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Nagaeva, MD, PhD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nagaeva.elena@endocrincentr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7370-891X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бричева</surname><given-names>Э. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bricheva</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бричева Элла Байзетовна, аспирант, врач-детский эндокринолог ГНЦ</p><p>117036, Москва, ул. Дмитрия Ульянова, д.11 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ella B. Bricheva</p><p>11 Dm. Ulyanova *street, 117036 Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.bri4eva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3734-6510</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бровин</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Brovin</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бровин Дмитрий Николаевич, к.м.н. </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy N. Brovin, MD, PhD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">brovin-dn@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5656-1382</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аникиев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anikiev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аникиев Александр Вячеславович, к.м.н. </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Anikiev, MD, PhD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anikieal70@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артемова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Artemova</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Артемова Алла Михайловна </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alla M. Artemova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alartymova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8580-2421</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдулхабирова</surname><given-names>Ф. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdulkhabirova</surname><given-names>F. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абдулхабирова Фатима Магомедовна, к.м.н. </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fatima M. Abdulkhabirova, MD, PhD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abdulkhabirova@endocrincentr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8284-9996</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абросимов</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abrosimov</surname><given-names>A. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абросимов Александр Юрьевич, д.м.н., профессор </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandr U. Abrosimov, MD, PhD, Professor</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikitarusskikh@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6822-0435</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пастухова</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pastuhova</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пастухова Дария Алексеевна </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dariya A. Pastuhova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Pastuhova.dariya@endocrincentr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6891-0009</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Урусова</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Urusova</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Урусова Лилия Сергеевна, д.м.н. </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liliya S. Urusova, PhD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">liselivanova89@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3220-2438</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Слащук</surname><given-names>К. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Slashchuk</surname><given-names>K. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Слащук Константин Юрьевич, к.м.н.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin Yu. Slashchuk, MD, PhD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">slashuk.konstantin@endocrincentr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3785-0335</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шеремета</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sheremeta</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шеремета Марина Сергеевна, д.м.н. </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina S. Sheremeta, MD, PhD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marina888@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7045-8215</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Минниахметов</surname><given-names>И. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Minniakhmetov</surname><given-names>I. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минниахметов Илдар Рамилевич, к.б.н. </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ildar R. Minniakhmetov, PhD in Biology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">minniakhmetov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9621-5732</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Безлепкина</surname><given-names>О. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bezlepkina</surname><given-names>O. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Безлепкина Ольга Борисовна, профессор, д.м.н. </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga B. Bezlepkina, professor, Doctor of Medicine</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olga.bezlepkina@endocrincentr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5507-4627</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петеркова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Peterkova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петеркова Валентина Александровна, д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina A. Peterkova, PhD, professor, academician of RAS</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">peterkovava@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Endocrinology Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>71</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>87</fpage><lpage>96</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Нагаева Е.В., Бричева Э.Б., Бровин Д.Н., Аникиев А.В., Артемова А.М., Абдулхабирова Ф.М., Абросимов А.Ю., Пастухова Д.А., Урусова Л.С., Слащук К.Ю., Шеремета М.С., Минниахметов И.Р., Безлепкина О.Б., Петеркова А.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Нагаева Е.В., Бричева Э.Б., Бровин Д.Н., Аникиев А.В., Артемова А.М., Абдулхабирова Ф.М., Абросимов А.Ю., Пастухова Д.А., Урусова Л.С., Слащук К.Ю., Шеремета М.С., Минниахметов И.Р., Безлепкина О.Б., Петеркова А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nagaeva E.V., Bricheva E.B., Brovin D.N., Anikiev A.V., Artemova A.M., Abdulkhabirova F.M., Abrosimov A.U., Pastuhova D.A., Urusova L.S., Slashchuk K.Y., Sheremeta M.S., Minniakhmetov I.R., Bezlepkina O.B., Peterkova V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13669">https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13669</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ</title><p>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ. Узловые образования щитовидной железы (ЩЖ) у детей встречаются относительно редко, однако риск их злокачественного характера значительно выше, чем у взрослых. Оптимальный объем хирургического вмешательства, показания к радиойодтерапии (РЙТ) и роль молекулярно-генетического тестирования у детей с карциномой ЩЖ остаются предметом дискуссии.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Изучить особенности течения дифференцированной карциномы щитовидной железы (ДКЩЖ) у детей, а также результаты хирургического и комбинированного лечения по данным 10-летней клинической практики ГНЦ РФ ФГБУ «НМИЦ эндокринологии им. академика И.И. Дедова» Минздрава РФ (далее — ЭНЦ).</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. В ретроспективное одноцентровое исследование включены 980 пациентов детского и подросткового возраста, оперированных по поводу узловых образований в ЩЖ в 2015–2024 гг. Протокол обследования включал сбор жалоб и анамнеза, физикальное обследование, ультразвуковое исследование ЩЖ, тонкоигольную аспирационную биопсию, патоморфологический анализ послеоперационного материала. Детям с отягощенной наследственностью и/или подозрением на наличие синдромов, ассоциированных с возникновением карциномы ЩЖ, было выполнено молекулярно-генетическое исследование (МГИ). Медиана длительности динамического наблюдения для детей с ДКЩЖ составила 12 месяцев [1,0; 36,0].</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Злокачественные новообразования ЩЖ выявлены у 506 пациентов, из них у большинства — дифференцированная карцинома щитовидной железы (n=472). Наиболее распространенным гистологическим типом была папиллярная карцинома (n=448; 88,5%). Метастатическое поражение регионарных лимфатических узлов (ЛУ) имелось у 21% детей. Адъювантная РЙТ проведена 48,5% пациентам, при этом отдаленные метастазы в легкие выявлены в 5,7% случаев. Рецидивы ДКЩЖ зарегистрированы у 5,1% детей; у 16,5% заболевание сохранялось после первичного лечения в виде биохимической и/или структурной персистенции. МГИ проведено 66 детям, патогенные варианты выявлены у 53,1%, наиболее часто — в генах DICER1, PTEN и APC.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Дифференцированная карцинома щитовидной железы у детей характеризуется рядом клинических и молекулярно-генетических особенностей, что определяет необходимость специализированного мультидисциплинарного подхода к их ведению. Высокий риск злокачественности в узлах, частая регионарная диссеминация и особенности молекулярного профиля аргументируют необходимость ранней диагностики, интеграции молекулярного тестирования и персонализированного выбора объема хирургического вмешательства в условиях профильных центров.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>BACKGROUND</title><p>BACKGROUND: Thyroid nodules in children are relatively rare; the risk of malignancy is considerably higher compared to adults. The optimal extent of surgery, the indications for radioactive iodine therapy (RAI), and the role of molecular genetic testing in children with thyroid carcinoma remain a matter of debate.</p></sec><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM: To investigate the clinical course of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) in children, as well as the outcomes of surgical and combined treatment based on ten years clinical experience at the Endocrinology Research Centre.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective single-center study included 980 pediatric and adolescent patients who underwent surgery for thyroid nodules between 2015 and 2024. The diagnostic protocol comprised history taking, physical examination, thyroid ultrasound, fine-needle aspiration biopsy, and postoperative histopathological evaluation. Molecular genetic testing was performed in children with a family history or suspected syndromic forms of thyroid carcinoma. The median follow-up duration for patients with DTC was 12 months [1.0; 36.0].</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: Malignant thyroid tumors were identified in 506 patients (51.6%), the majority of them — differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) (n=472). The most common histological type was papillary thyroid carcinoma (n=448; 88,5%). Metastatic involvement of regional lymph nodes was present in 21% of children. Adjuvant RAI was performed in 48.5% of patients; distant metastases to the lungs were detected in 5.7% of cases. Recurrences were registered in 5.1% of children; in 16.5% of children the disease persisted after primary treatment in the form of biochemical and/or structural persistence. MGI was performed in 66 children; pathogenic variants were detected in 53.1%, most frequently in the DICER1, PTEN, and APC genes.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: Differentiated thyroid carcinoma in children is characterized by a number of clinical and molecular genetic features, which determines the need for a specialized multidisciplinary approach to their management. The high risk of malignancy in nodules, frequent regional dissemination and peculiarities of the molecular profile argue for the necessity of early diagnosis, integration of molecular testing and personalized choice of the volume of surgical intervention in the conditions of specialized centers.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>узловой зоб</kwd><kwd>дифференцированная карцинома щитовидной железы</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>хирургическое лечение</kwd><kwd>рецидив злокачественного новообразования щитовидной железы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nodular goiter</kwd><kwd>differentiated thyroid carcinoma</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>surgical treatment</kwd><kwd>recurrence of malignant thyroid neoplasm</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания Минздрава РФ НИОКТР № 123021000039-3</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="cit1"><element-citation><name><surname>Lebbink</surname> <given-names>Chantal A</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Links</surname> <given-names>Thera P</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Czarniecka</surname> <given-names>Agnieszka</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Dias</surname> <given-names>Renuka P</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Elisei</surname> <given-names>Rossella</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Izatt</surname> <given-names>Louise</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Krude</surname> <given-names>Heiko</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Lorenz</surname> <given-names>Kerstin</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Luster</surname> <given-names>Markus</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Newbold</surname> <given-names>Kate</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Piccardo</surname> <given-names>Arnoldo</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Sobrinho-Simões</surname> <given-names>Manuel</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Takano</surname> <given-names>Toru</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Paul van Trotsenburg</surname> <given-names>A S</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Verburg</surname> <given-names>Frederik A</given-names> </name> <name><surname>van Santen</surname> <given-names>Hanneke M</given-names> </name> <article-title>2022 European Thyroid Association Guidelines for the management of pediatric thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid carcinoma</article-title> <source>European Thyroid Journal</source> <year>2022</year> <month>10</month> <volume>11</volume> <issue>6</issue> <object-id pub-id-type="doi" specific-use="metadata">10.1530/etj-22-0146</object-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="cit2"><element-citation><name><surname>Bauer</surname> <given-names>Andrew J.</given-names> </name> <article-title>Thyroid nodules in children and adolescents</article-title> <source>Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes &amp; Obesity</source> <year>2019</year> <month>07</month> <fpage>266</fpage> <lpage>274</lpage> <volume>26</volume> <issue>5</issue> <object-id pub-id-type="doi" specific-use="metadata">10.1097/med.0000000000000495</object-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="cit3"><element-citation><name><surname>Gupta</surname> <given-names>Anjuli</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Ly</surname> <given-names>Samantha</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Castroneves</surname> <given-names>Luciana A.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Frates</surname> <given-names>Mary C.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Benson</surname> <given-names>Carol B.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Feldman</surname> <given-names>Henry A.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Wassner</surname> <given-names>Ari J.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Smith</surname> <given-names>Jessica R.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Marqusee</surname> <given-names>Ellen</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Alexander</surname> <given-names>Erik K.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Barletta</surname> <given-names>Justine</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Doubilet</surname> <given-names>Peter M.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Peters</surname> <given-names>Hope E.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Webb</surname> <given-names>Susan</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Modi</surname> <given-names>Biren P.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Paltiel</surname> <given-names>Harriet J.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Kozakewich</surname> <given-names>Harry</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Cibas</surname> <given-names>Edmund S.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Moore</surname> <given-names>Francis D.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Shamberger</surname> <given-names>Robert C.</given-names> </name> <name><surname>Larsen</surname> <given-names>P. 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