problendoПроблемы ЭндокринологииProblems of Endocrinology0375-96602308-1430Endocrinology Research Centre10.14341/probl13684problendo-13684Research ArticleКлиническая эндокринологияClinical endocrinologyАссоциация витилиго с эндокринными аутоиммунными заболеваниями: обзор литературыAssociation of vitiligo with endocrine autoimmune diseases: literature reviewhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4290-3182РагимовМ. Р.RagimovM. R.

Рагимов Магомедкерим Разинович, к.м.н.

129110, г. Москва, ул. Щепкина, д.61/2

Magomedkerim R. Ragimov, PhD

129110, Moscow, st. Shchepkina, 61/2

tga.endocrine@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-7306-2581ЮзбековаА. А.YuzbekovaA. A.

Юзбекова Аида Артуровна

Москва

Aida A. Yuzbekova, PhD

Moscow

yuzbekova02@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6456-998XМолочковА. В.MolochkovA. V.

Молочков Антон Владимирович, д.м.н., профессор

Москва

Anton V. Molochkov, PhD

Moscow

antmd@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1668-8711МисниковаИ. В.MisnikovaI. V.

Мисникова Инна Владимировна, д.м.н.

Москва

Inna V. Misnikova, PhD

Moscow

inna-misnikova@mail.ruМосковский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. ВладимирскогоРоссияMoscow Regional Research and Clinical InstituteRussian FederationЦентральная государственная медицинская академияРоссияCentral State Medical AcademyRussian FederationМосковский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского; Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава РФРоссияMoscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute; Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian Federation2026080920267244045Copyright © Рагимов М.Р., Юзбекова А.А., Молочков А.В., Мисникова И.В., 20262026Рагимов М.Р., Юзбекова А.А., Молочков А.В., Мисникова И.В.Ragimov M.R., Yuzbekova A.A., Molochkov A.V., Misnikova I.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13684

Витилиго — дерматологическое заболевание, проявляющееся очаговым исчезновением пигмента меланина на кожных покровах и слизистых оболочках человека. Несмотря на разнообразие предложенных гипотез развития данной патологии, центральная роль принадлежит именно аутоиммунному механизму поражения меланоцитов.

Анализ результатов многочисленных международных исследований подтверждает выраженную тенденцию к увеличению распространенности эндокринных аутоиммунных заболеваний (АИЗ) среди больных витилиго по сравнению с общей популяцией. К таким заболеваниям относятся, прежде всего, аутоиммунный тиреоидит (АИТ), болезнь Грейвса, сахарный диабет 1 типа (СД1) и первичная надпочечниковая недостаточность (ПНН).

Ассоциация многих из этих АИЗ, включая витилиго, с определенными гаплотипами HLA коррелирует с тем, что они входят в состав нескольких типов аутоиммунного полигландулярного синдрома (АПС). Отдельные исследования подтверждают высокую частоту сочетания витилиго с АПС 2, 3 и 4 типов.

Настоящий обзор направлен на систематизацию имеющейся научной литературы относительно частоты встречаемости и особенностей ассоциированных аутоиммунных эндокринных нарушений у лиц, страдающих витилиго.

Vitiligo is a dermatological disease characterized by focal disappearance of the melanin pigment on the skin and mucous membranes of a person. Despite the variety of proposed hypotheses for the development of this pathology, the central role belongs to the autoimmune mechanism of melanocyte damage.

Analysis of the results of numerous international studies confirms a pronounced tendency towards an increase in the prevalence of endocrine autoimmune diseases among patients with vitiligo compared to the general population. Such diseases include, first of all, autoimmune thyroiditis, Graves' disease, type I diabetes mellitus and autoimmune adrenal insufficiency. Some studies confirm a high frequency of vitiligo combination with multiendocrine autoimmune syndromes.

This review is aimed at systematizing the available scientific literature on the frequency of occurrence and characteristics of associated autoimmune endocrine disorders in individuals suffering from vitiligo.

витилигоаутоиммунный сахарный диабетэндокринные заболеваниямеланоцитыvitiligoautoimmune diabetes mellitusendocrine diseasesmelanocytesReferencesPathak GN, Tan IJ, Bai G, Dhillon J, Rao BK. Vitiligo: From mechanisms of disease to treatable pathways. Skin Health Dis. 2024;4(6):e460. Published 2024 Sep 30. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ski2.460Pathak GN, Tan IJ, Bai G, Dhillon J, Rao BK. Vitiligo: From mechanisms of disease to treatable pathways. Skin Health Dis. 2024;4(6):e460. Published 2024 Sep 30. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ski2.460Seong SH, Oh SH. Up-and-Coming Drugs for the Treatment of Vitiligo. Ann Dermatol. 2024;36(4):197-208. doi: https://doi.org/10.5021/ad.24.038Seong SH, Oh SH. Up-and-Coming Drugs for the Treatment of Vitiligo. Ann Dermatol. 2024;36(4):197-208. doi: https://doi.org/10.5021/ad.24.038Bergqvist C, Ezzedine K. Vitiligo: A Review. Dermatology. 2020;236(6):571-592. doi: https://doi.org/10.1159/000506103Bergqvist C, Ezzedine K. Vitiligo: A Review. Dermatology. 2020;236(6):571-592. doi: https://doi.org/10.1159/000506103Migayron L, Boniface K, Seneschal J. Vitiligo, From Physiopathology to Emerging Treatments: A Review. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2020;10(6):1185-1198. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13555-020-00447-yMigayron L, Boniface K, Seneschal J. Vitiligo, From Physiopathology to Emerging Treatments: A Review. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2020;10(6):1185-1198. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13555-020-00447-yGill L, Zarbo A, Isedeh P, Jacobsen G, Lim HW, Hamzavi I. Comorbid autoimmune diseases in patients with vitiligo: A cross-sectional study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016;74(2):295-302. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2015.08.063Gill L, Zarbo A, Isedeh P, Jacobsen G, Lim HW, Hamzavi I. Comorbid autoimmune diseases in patients with vitiligo: A cross-sectional study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016;74(2):295-302. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2015.08.063Troshina EA, Volnukhin VA, Petrov VA, et al. Ter Arkh. 2020;92(10):88-96. Published 2020 Nov 24. doi: https://doi.org/10.26442/00403660.2020.10.000736Troshina EA, Volnukhin VA, Petrov VA, et al. Ter Arkh. 2020;92(10):88-96. Published 2020 Nov 24. doi: https://doi.org/10.26442/00403660.2020.10.000736Kussainova A, Kassym L, Akhmetova A, et al. Vitiligo and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2020;15(11):e0241445. doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241445Kussainova A, Kassym L, Akhmetova A, et al. Vitiligo and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2020;15(11):e0241445. doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241445Ezzedine K, Diallo A, Léauté-Labrèze C, et al. Pre- vs. post-pubertal onset of vitiligo: multivariate analysis indicates atopic diathesis association in pre-pubertal onset vitiligo. Br J Dermatol. 2012;167(3):490-495. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.11002.xEzzedine K, Diallo A, Léauté-Labrèze C, et al. Pre- vs. post-pubertal onset of vitiligo: multivariate analysis indicates atopic diathesis association in pre-pubertal onset vitiligo. Br J Dermatol. 2012;167(3):490-495. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.11002.xSun Y, Kan X, Zheng R, Hao L, Mao Z and Jia Y (2023) Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, vitiligo, anemia, pituitary hyperplasia, and lupus nephritis—A case report of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type III C + D and literature review. Front. Pediatr. 11:1062505. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2023.1062505Sun Y, Kan X, Zheng R, Hao L, Mao Z and Jia Y (2023) Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, vitiligo, anemia, pituitary hyperplasia, and lupus nephritis—A case report of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type III C + D and literature review. Front. Pediatr. 11:1062505. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2023.1062505Gatta E, Maltese V, Cimino E, et al. Evaluation of a large set of patients with Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome from a single reference centre in context of different classifications. J Endocrinol Invest. 2024;47(4):857-864. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-023-02200-6Gatta E, Maltese V, Cimino E, et al. Evaluation of a large set of patients with Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome from a single reference centre in context of different classifications. J Endocrinol Invest. 2024;47(4):857-864. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-023-02200-6Husebye ES, Anderson MS, Kämpe O. Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndromes. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(12):1132-1141. doi: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra1713301Husebye ES, Anderson MS, Kämpe O. Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndromes. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(12):1132-1141. doi: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra1713301Dahir AM, Thomsen SF. Comorbidities in vitiligo: comprehensive review. Int J Dermatol. 2018;57(10):1157-1164. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.14055Dahir AM, Thomsen SF. Comorbidities in vitiligo: comprehensive review. Int J Dermatol. 2018;57(10):1157-1164. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.14055Bouayad A, Benzekri L. Thyroid autoimmunity in relation to HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 polymorphism in nonsegmental vitiligo: a crosssectional- study. Am J Transl Res. 2024;16(2):524-530. Published 2024 Feb 15. doi: https://doi.org/10.62347/LDYE8203].Bouayad A, Benzekri L. Thyroid autoimmunity in relation to HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 polymorphism in nonsegmental vitiligo: a crosssectional- study. Am J Transl Res. 2024;16(2):524-530. Published 2024 Feb 15. doi: https://doi.org/10.62347/LDYE8203].Нуралиева НФ, Юкина МЮ, Трошина ЕА, Жукова ОВ, Петров ВА, Волнухин ВА. Частая ассоциация витилиго с эндокринными аутоиммунными заболеваниями: первичные данные в российской когорте взрослых пациентов. // Вестник РГМУ. — 2022. — №5. — С.68-74. doi: https://doi.org/10.24075/vrgmu.2022.055Nuralieva NF, Yukina MYu, Troshina EA, Zhukova OV, Petrov VA, Volnukhin VA. Frequent association of vitiligo with endocrine autoimmune diseases: primary data in a Russian cohort of adult patients. // Bulletin of the Russian State Medical University. - 2022. - No. 5. - P. 68-74. doi: https://doi.org/10.24075/vrgmu.2022.055Lee JH, Ju HJ, Seo JM, et al. Comorbidities in Patients with Vitiligo: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Invest Dermatol. 2023;143(5):777-789.e6. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2022.10.021Lee JH, Ju HJ, Seo JM, et al. Comorbidities in Patients with Vitiligo: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Invest Dermatol. 2023;143(5):777-789.e6. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2022.10.021Abuhalimeh RM, Alshmrani LS, Abdullah N, et al. Updates on the Association Between Vitiligo and Thyroid Diseases: A Systematic Review. Cureus. 2024;16(9):e69697. Published 2024 Sep 19. doi: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.69697Abuhalimeh RM, Alshmrani LS, Abdullah N, et al. Updates on the Association Between Vitiligo and Thyroid Diseases: A Systematic Review. Cureus. 2024;16(9):e69697. Published 2024 Sep 19. doi: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.69697Chivu AM, Bălășescu E, Pandia LD, Nedelcu RI, Brînzea A, Turcu G, Antohe M, Ion DA. Vitiligo—Thyroid Disease Association: When, in Whom, and Why Should It Be Suspected? A Systematic Review. Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2022;12(12):2048. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12122048Chivu AM, Bălășescu E, Pandia LD, Nedelcu RI, Brînzea A, Turcu G, Antohe M, Ion DA. Vitiligo—Thyroid Disease Association: When, in Whom, and Why Should It Be Suspected? A Systematic Review. Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2022;12(12):2048. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12122048Sandru F. et al. Spectrum of thyroid antibodies in vitiligo-associated autoimmunity. Endocr. Pract. 2021Sandru F. et al. Spectrum of thyroid antibodies in vitiligo-associated autoimmunity. Endocr. Pract. 2021Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021;372:n71. Published 2021 Mar 29. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021;372:n71. Published 2021 Mar 29. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71Ashraf A, Azfar NA, Chaudhry A, Rasul A, Irfan M, Liaqat Z. Frequency of positive thyroid peroxidase antibody levels in patients of generalized vitiligo. J Pak Assoc Dermatol. 2021;31:583-587Ashraf A, Azfar NA, Chaudhry A, Rasul A, Irfan M, Liaqat Z. Frequency of positive thyroid peroxidase antibody levels in patients of generalized vitiligo. J Pak Assoc Dermatol. 2021;31:583-587Gong Q, Li X, Gong Q, Zhu W, Song G, Lu Y. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis could be secondary to vitiligo: the possibility of antigen crossover and oxidative stress between the two diseases. Arch Dermatol Res. 2016;308(4):277-281. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00403-016-1641-zGong Q, Li X, Gong Q, Zhu W, Song G, Lu Y. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis could be secondary to vitiligo: the possibility of antigen crossover and oxidative stress between the two diseases. Arch Dermatol Res. 2016;308(4):277-281. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00403-016-1641-zHuang J, Jiang L, Hu Y, et al. Association of Vitiligo With Autoimmune Disorders: A Bidirectional Two-Sample and Summary- Based Mendelian Randomization Study. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2025;24(6):e70211. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.70211Huang J, Jiang L, Hu Y, et al. Association of Vitiligo With Autoimmune Disorders: A Bidirectional Two-Sample and Summary- Based Mendelian Randomization Study. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2025;24(6):e70211. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.70211Kassem R, Baum S, Barzilai A. Vitiligo. In: Shoenfeld, Y., Cervera, R., Espinosa, G., Gershwin, M.E. (eds) Autoimmune Disease Diagnosis. Springer, Cham. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-69895-8_69Kassem R, Baum S, Barzilai A. Vitiligo. In: Shoenfeld, Y., Cervera, R., Espinosa, G., Gershwin, M.E. (eds) Autoimmune Disease Diagnosis. Springer, Cham. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-69895-8_69Bae JM, Lee JH, Yun JS, Han B, Han TY. Vitiligo and overt thyroid diseases: A nationwide population-based study in Korea. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017;76(5):871-878. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2016.12.034Bae JM, Lee JH, Yun JS, Han B, Han TY. Vitiligo and overt thyroid diseases: A nationwide population-based study in Korea. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017;76(5):871-878. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2016.12.034Chang HC, Lin MH, Huang YC, Hou TY. The association between vitiligo and diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2019;81(6):1442-1445. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2019.06.022Chang HC, Lin MH, Huang YC, Hou TY. The association between vitiligo and diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2019;81(6):1442-1445. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2019.06.022Lee JH, Ju HJ, Seo JM, et al. Comorbidities in Patients with Vitiligo: A Systematic Review and Meta- Analysis. J Invest Dermatol. 2023;143(5):777-789.e6. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2022.10.021Lee JH, Ju HJ, Seo JM, et al. Comorbidities in Patients with Vitiligo: A Systematic Review and Meta- Analysis. J Invest Dermatol. 2023;143(5):777-789.e6. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2022.10.021AL-smadi K, Imran M, Leite-Silva VR, Mohammed Y. Vitiligo: A Review of Aetiology, Pathogenesis, Treatment, and Psychosocial Impact. Cosmetics. 2023;10(3):84. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics10030084AL-smadi K, Imran M, Leite-Silva VR, Mohammed Y. Vitiligo: A Review of Aetiology, Pathogenesis, Treatment, and Psychosocial Impact. Cosmetics. 2023;10(3):84. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics10030084Raveendra L, Hemavathi RN, Rajgopal S. A Study of Vitiligo in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Indian J Dermatol. 2017;62(2):168-170. doi: https://doi.org/10.4103/ijd.IJD_360_16Raveendra L, Hemavathi RN, Rajgopal S. A Study of Vitiligo in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Indian J Dermatol. 2017;62(2):168-170. doi: https://doi.org/10.4103/ijd.IJD_360_16Zhao L, Hu M, Li L. Identifying the Genetic Associations Between Diabetes Mellitus and the Risk of Vitiligo. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2024;17:2261-2271. Published 2024 Oct 13. doi: https://doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S480199Zhao L, Hu M, Li L. Identifying the Genetic Associations Between Diabetes Mellitus and the Risk of Vitiligo. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2024;17:2261-2271. Published 2024 Oct 13. doi: https://doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S480199Clemente Hernández B, Muelas Rives I, Gracia Cazaña T, Álvarez Salafranca M, Poblador-Plou B, Laguna-Berna C, Moreno Juste A, Gimeno-Miguel A, Gilaberte Y. Comorbidities Associated with Vitiligo: Results from the EpiChron Cohort. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2025; 14(2):432. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14020432Clemente Hernández B, Muelas Rives I, Gracia Cazaña T, Álvarez Salafranca M, Poblador-Plou B, Laguna-Berna C, Moreno Juste A, Gimeno-Miguel A, Gilaberte Y. Comorbidities Associated with Vitiligo: Results from the EpiChron Cohort. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2025; 14(2):432. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14020432Chang WL, Ko CH. The Role of Oxidative Stress in Vitiligo: An Update on Its Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Implications. Cells. 2023;12(6):936. Published 2023 Mar 19. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12060936Chang WL, Ko CH. The Role of Oxidative Stress in Vitiligo: An Update on Its Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Implications. Cells. 2023;12(6):936. Published 2023 Mar 19. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12060936Białczyk A, Wełniak A, Kamińska B, et al. Oxidative Stress and Potential Antioxidant Therapies in Vitiligo: A Narrative Review. Mol Diagn Ther 2023;27:723–739. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40291-023-00672-zBiałczyk A, Wełniak A, Kamińska B, et al. Oxidative Stress and Potential Antioxidant Therapies in Vitiligo: A Narrative Review. Mol Diagn Ther 2023;27:723–739. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40291-023-00672-zLyu C and Sun Y (2022) Immunometabolism in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Front. Immunol. 13:1055958. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1055958Lyu C and Sun Y (2022) Immunometabolism in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Front. Immunol. 13:1055958. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1055958Chiarella P. Vitiligo susceptibility at workplace and in daily life: the contribution of oxidative stress gene polymorphisms. biomed dermatol 2019;3:5. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41702-019-0043-1Chiarella P. Vitiligo susceptibility at workplace and in daily life: the contribution of oxidative stress gene polymorphisms. biomed dermatol 2019;3:5. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41702-019-0043-1Meyer G, Neumann K, Badenhoop K, Linder R. Increasing prevalence of Addison’s disease in German females: health insurance data 2008-2012. Eur J Endocrinol. 2014;170(3):367-373. Published 2014 Feb 4. doi: https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-13-0756Meyer G, Neumann K, Badenhoop K, Linder R. Increasing prevalence of Addison’s disease in German females: health insurance data 2008-2012. Eur J Endocrinol. 2014;170(3):367-373. Published 2014 Feb 4. doi: https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-13-0756Van Geel N, Speeckaert M, Brochez L, Lambert J, Speeckaert R. Clinical profile of generalized vitiligo patients with associated autoimmune/autoinflammatory diseases. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2014;28(6):741-746. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.12169Van Geel N, Speeckaert M, Brochez L, Lambert J, Speeckaert R. Clinical profile of generalized vitiligo patients with associated autoimmune/autoinflammatory diseases. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2014;28(6):741-746. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.12169Петров В.А., Жукова О.В., Волнухин В.А., Трошина Е.А., Юкина М.Ю., и др. Витилиго, ассоциированное с аутоиммунной надпочечниковой недостаточностью. // РМЖ. — 2023. — №10. — С.39-42.Petrov V.A., Zhukova O.V., Volnukhin V.A., Troshina E.A., Yukina M.Yu., et al. Vitiligo associated with autoimmune adrenal insufficiency. // RMJ. - 2023. - No. 10. — P.39-42.Saleem K, Azim W. Association of vitiligo with other autoimmune disorders. Diabetes Case Rep. 2016;1(3):1000114. doi: https://doi.org/10.4172/2572-5629.1000114Saleem K, Azim W. Association of vitiligo with other autoimmune disorders. Diabetes Case Rep. 2016;1(3):1000114. doi: https://doi.org/10.4172/2572-5629.1000114Витилиго: клинические рекомендации / Министерство здравоохранения Российской Федерации. — 2023. — 96 с.Vitiligo: clinical guidelines / Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. - 2023. - 96 p.Олисова О.Ю., Каюмова Л.Н., Ерёмин П.С., Гильмутдинова И.Р., Пинегин В.Б., и др. Сравнительный обзор традиционных и перспективных методов лечения витилиго. // Вестник восстановительной медицины. — 2024; — Т.23. — №6. — С.90-99. doi: https://doi.org/10.38025/2078-1962-2024-23-6-90-99Olisova O. Yu., Kayumova L. N., Eremin P. S., Gilmutdinova I. R., Pinegin V. B., et al. Comparative review of traditional and promising methods of vitiligo treatment. // Bulletin of Restorative Medicine. - 2024; - Vol. 23. - No. 6. - Pp. 90-99. doi: https://doi.org/10.38025/2078-1962-2024-23-6-90-99

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.