<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">problendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы Эндокринологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Endocrinology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0375-9660</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2308-1430</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology Research Centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/probl2017635276-281</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">problendo-8741</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Studies</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка исходов нейрохирургического лечения пациентов с болезнью Иценко—Кушинга в зависимости от наличия визуализации аденомы при МРТ. Пятилетнее наблюдение</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Five years follow up of patients with Сushing’s disease with and without visualized pituitary adenoma on MRI, who underwent transsphenoidal adenomectomy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6993-5096</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хандаева</surname><given-names>Патимат Магомедовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khandaeva</surname><given-names>Patimat M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник отделения нейроэндокринологии и остеопатий</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Research Scientist of Neuroendocrinological department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pati_khandaeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6674-6441</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белая</surname><given-names>Жанна Евгеньевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belaya</surname><given-names>Zhanna E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jannabelaya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7041-0732</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рожинская</surname><given-names>Людмила Яковлевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rozhinskaya</surname><given-names>Lyudmila Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rozhinskaya@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-3278</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронцов</surname><given-names>Александр Валерьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorontsov</surname><given-names>Aleksandr V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mr2005i@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9575-4520</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьев</surname><given-names>Андрей Юрьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigoriev</surname><given-names>Andrey Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">medway26@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6687-3240</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронкова</surname><given-names>Ия Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronkova</surname><given-names>Iya A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iya-v@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4353-6705</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лапшина</surname><given-names>Анастасия Михайловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapshina</surname><given-names>Anastasia M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nottoforget@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ситкин</surname><given-names>Иван Иванович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sitkin</surname><given-names>Ivan I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sitkin_ivan@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5634-7877</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельниченко</surname><given-names>Галина Афанасьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Melnichenko</surname><given-names>Galina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">teofrast2000@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>&lt;p&gt;ФГБУ &amp;laquo;Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии&amp;raquo; Минздрава России&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>&lt;p&gt;Endocrinology Research Centre&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>&lt;p&gt;ФГБУ &amp;laquo;Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии&amp;raquo; Минздрава России&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>&lt;p&gt;Endocrinology&amp;nbsp;Research&amp;nbsp;Centre&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>12</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>276</fpage><lpage>281</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хандаева П.М., Белая Ж.Е., Рожинская Л.Я., Воронцов А.В., Григорьев А.Ю., Воронкова И.А., Лапшина А.М., Ситкин И.И., Мельниченко Г.А., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хандаева П.М., Белая Ж.Е., Рожинская Л.Я., Воронцов А.В., Григорьев А.Ю., Воронкова И.А., Лапшина А.М., Ситкин И.И., Мельниченко Г.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khandaeva P.M., Belaya Z.E., Rozhinskaya L.Y., Vorontsov A.V., Grigoriev A.Y., Voronkova I.A., Lapshina A.M., Sitkin I.I., Melnichenko G.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/8741">https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/8741</self-uri><abstract><p>Ремиссия болезни Иценко—Кушинга (БИК) после нейрохирургического лечения достигается у 59—94% пациентов, при этом рецидивы заболевания возникают у 3—46% пациентов.</p><p>Цель исследования — оценить отдаленные результаты нейрохирургического лечения БИК в зависимости от обнаружения аденомы при МРТ на дооперационном этапе.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проведено ретроспективное когортное моноцентровое нерандомизированное исследование с оценкой исходов нейрохирургического лечения 105 пациентов с подтвержденным (послеоперационным гистологическим анализом) диагнозом БИК. Ремиссия БИК подтверждалась развитием надпочечниковой недостаточности и/или нормализацией уровня кортизола в крови и свободного кортизола в суточной моче.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. После первой транссфеноидальной аденомэктомии ремиссия развилась у 87 (82,8%) пациентов. Повторное нейрохирургическое лечение было выполнено 28 пациентам. После этого ремиссия развилась у 12 пациентов. Лучевая терапия была проведена 24 пациентам и у 6 была выполнена двусторонняя адреналэктомия. Через 5 лет после нейрохирургического лечения ремиссия сохранялась у 76 (72,8%) пациентов, включая 27 (77%) пациентов из 35, не имевших аденомы гипофиза по результатам МРТ, и у 49 (70%) пациентов из 70 с выявленной при МРТ аденомой гипофиза. У 36 пациентов развился рецидив, и 14 пациентов находятся в активной стадии гиперкортицизма в течение 5 лет.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Результативность МРТ (обнаружение аденомы) на дооперационном этапе не связана с частотой развития ремиссии после нейрохирургического лечения пациентов с болезнью Иценко—Кушинга. В то же время размер обнаруженной при МРТ аденомы может быть маркером риска развития рецидива БИК после нейрохирургического лечения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The remission rate of Cushing’s disease in patients after neurosurgery varies from 59 to 94%, while the recurrence rate is 3 to 46%.</p><p>Aim — to evaluate the five-year outcome in neurosurgery patients with Cushing’s disease (CD), depending on preoperative MRI-based identification of pituitary adenoma.</p><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study included 105 neurosurgery patients with histologically confirmed CD. CD remission was confirmed by the development of adrenal insufficiency and/or normalization of serum cortisol and 24-hour urinary free cortisol (24h UFC) levels, as well as by clinical remission.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Pituitary adenoma was not visualized by gadolinium MRI in 35 cases. The size of visualized pituitary adenoma varied from 0.3 to 29 mm. After first neurosurgery, remission was achieved in 87 (82.8%) patients. After second neurosurgery, remission occurred in 12 patients. Radiation therapy was conducted in 24 patients. Six patients had bilateral adrenalectomy. Two patients died during remission: one patient died from stroke two years after neurosurgery, and the other patient died due to surgery complications. During five-year follow-up after neurosurgery, remission continued in 76 (72.8%) patients, including 27 (77%) of 35 patients without MRI-detected adenoma and 49 (70%) of 70 patients with MRI-detected pituitary adenoma, p=0.15. Sixty-six patients developed recurrence, and 14 patients had active hypercortisolism.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. There was no correlation between the rate of preoperative MRI-based detection of pituitary adenoma and the rate of remission in neurosurgery patients with Cushing’s disease during the five year follow-up. The size of pituitary adenoma was a risk factor for adenoma recurrence.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>АКТГ-зависимый гиперкортицизм</kwd><kwd>кортикотропинома</kwd><kwd>эндогенный гиперкортицизм</kwd><kwd>болезнь Иценко—Кушинга</kwd><kwd>аденома гипофиза</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma</kwd><kwd>endogenous hypercortisolism</kwd><kwd>Cushing’s disease</kwd><kwd>pituitary adenoma</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено при поддержке Российского научного фонда (грант №15-15-30032).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">RSF №15-15-30032).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мельниченко Г.А., Дедов И.И., Белая Ж.Е., и др. Болезнь Иценко—Кушинга: клиника, диагностика, дифференциальная диагностика, методы лечения // Проблемы эндокринологии. — 2015. — Т. 61. — №2. — С. 55—77. Melnichenko GA, Dedov II, Belaya ZE, et al. Cushing’s disease: the clinical features, diagnostics, differential diagnostics, and methods of treatment. Probl Endokrinol (Mosk). 2015;61(2):55-77. (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.14341/probl201561255-77</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Мельниченко Г.А., Дедов И.И., Белая Ж.Е., и др. Болезнь Иценко—Кушинга: клиника, диагностика, дифференциальная диагностика, методы лечения // Проблемы эндокринологии. — 2015. — Т. 61. — №2. — С. 55—77. Melnichenko GA, Dedov II, Belaya ZE, et al. Cushing’s disease: the clinical features, diagnostics, differential diagnostics, and methods of treatment. Probl Endokrinol (Mosk). 2015;61(2):55-77. (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.14341/probl201561255-77</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белая Ж.Е., Рожинская Л.Я., Драгунова Н.В., и др. Метаболические осложнения эндогенного гиперкортицизма. Выбор пациентов для скрининга // Ожирение и метаболизм. — 2013. — Т. 10. — №1. — C. 26—31. [Belaya ZE, Rozhinskaya LYa, Dragunova NV, et al. Metabolic complications of endogenous Cushing: patient selection for screening.Obesity and metabolism. 2013;10(1):26-31. (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.14341/2071-8713-5068.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Белая Ж.Е., Рожинская Л.Я., Драгунова Н.В., и др. Метаболические осложнения эндогенного гиперкортицизма. Выбор пациентов для скрининга // Ожирение и метаболизм. — 2013. — Т. 10. — №1. — C. 26—31. [Belaya ZE, Rozhinskaya LYa, Dragunova NV, et al. Metabolic complications of endogenous Cushing: patient selection for screening.Obesity and metabolism. 2013;10(1):26-31. (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.14341/2071-8713-5068.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Swearingen B, Biller BM, Barker FG, 2nd, et al. Long-term mortality after transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing disease. Ann Intern Med. 1999;130(10):821-824.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Swearingen B, Biller BM, Barker FG, 2nd, et al. Long-term mortality after transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing disease. Ann Intern Med. 1999;130(10):821-824.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ситкин И.И., Белая Ж.Е., Рожинская Л.Я., и др. Двусторонний селективный забор крови из нижних каменистых синусов на фоне стимуляции десмопрессином в дифференциальной диагностике АКТГ-зависимого гиперкортицизма // Диагностическая и интервенционная радиология. – 2013. — T. 7. — №3. — C. 57—68. [Sitkin II, Belaya ZE, Rozhinskaya LYa, et al. Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling with desmopressin for differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent Cushing’s syndrome. Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology. 2013;7(3):57-68. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ситкин И.И., Белая Ж.Е., Рожинская Л.Я., и др. Двусторонний селективный забор крови из нижних каменистых синусов на фоне стимуляции десмопрессином в дифференциальной диагностике АКТГ-зависимого гиперкортицизма // Диагностическая и интервенционная радиология. – 2013. — T. 7. — №3. — C. 57—68. [Sitkin II, Belaya ZE, Rozhinskaya LYa, et al. Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling with desmopressin for differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent Cushing’s syndrome. Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology. 2013;7(3):57-68. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дедов И.И., Белая Ж.Е., Ситкин И.И., и др. Значение метода селективного забора крови из нижних каменистых синусов в дифференциальной диагностике АКТГ-зависимого гиперкортицизма // Проблемы эндокринологии. — 2009. — Т. 55. — №6. — С. 35—40. [Dedov II, Belaya ZEe, Sitkin II, et al. Significance of the method of selective blood collection from the inferior petrosal sinuses for differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent hypercorticism. Problems of Endocrinology. 2009;55(6):35-40. (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.14341/probl200955635-40</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Дедов И.И., Белая Ж.Е., Ситкин И.И., и др. Значение метода селективного забора крови из нижних каменистых синусов в дифференциальной диагностике АКТГ-зависимого гиперкортицизма // Проблемы эндокринологии. — 2009. — Т. 55. — №6. — С. 35—40. [Dedov II, Belaya ZEe, Sitkin II, et al. Significance of the method of selective blood collection from the inferior petrosal sinuses for differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent hypercorticism. Problems of Endocrinology. 2009;55(6):35-40. (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.14341/probl200955635-40</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fahlbusch R, Buchfelder M, Muller OA. Transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing’s disease. J R Soc Med. 1986;79(5):262-269. doi: 10.1177/014107688607900504</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fahlbusch R, Buchfelder M, Muller OA. Transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing’s disease. J R Soc Med. 1986;79(5):262-269. doi: 10.1177/014107688607900504</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hardy J. Presidential address: XVII Canadian Congress of Neurological Sciences. Cushing’s disease: 50 years later. Can J Neurol Sci. 1982;9(4):375-380.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hardy J. Presidential address: XVII Canadian Congress of Neurological Sciences. Cushing’s disease: 50 years later. Can J Neurol Sci. 1982;9(4):375-380.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nakane T, Kuwayama A, Watanabe M, et al. Long term results of transsphenoidal adenomectomy in patients with Cushing’s disease. Neurosurgery. 1987;21(2):218-222.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nakane T, Kuwayama A, Watanabe M, et al. Long term results of transsphenoidal adenomectomy in patients with Cushing’s disease. Neurosurgery. 1987;21(2):218-222.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хандаева П.М., Воронкова И.А., Белая Ж.Е., и др. Связь морфологии сосудистой сети АКТГ-секретирующих аденом гипофиза с возможностью визуализации опухоли при магнитно-резонансной томографии // Проблемы эндокринологии. — 2016. — Т. 62. — №4. — С. 11—17. [Khandaeva PM, Voronkova IА, Belaya ZE, et al. Immunochistochemical characteristics of blood vessels in non-visualized and visualized on MRI pituitary adenoma in patients with Cushing’s disease. Problems of Endocrinology. 2016;62(4):11-17. (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.14341/probl201662411-17</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Хандаева П.М., Воронкова И.А., Белая Ж.Е., и др. Связь морфологии сосудистой сети АКТГ-секретирующих аденом гипофиза с возможностью визуализации опухоли при магнитно-резонансной томографии // Проблемы эндокринологии. — 2016. — Т. 62. — №4. — С. 11—17. [Khandaeva PM, Voronkova IА, Belaya ZE, et al. Immunochistochemical characteristics of blood vessels in non-visualized and visualized on MRI pituitary adenoma in patients with Cushing’s disease. Problems of Endocrinology. 2016;62(4):11-17. (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.14341/probl201662411-17</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ciric I, Zhao JC, Du H, et al. Transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing disease: experience with 136 patients. Neurosurgery. 2012;70(1):70-80; discussion 80-71. doi: 10.1227/NEU.0b013e31822dda2c</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ciric I, Zhao JC, Du H, et al. Transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing disease: experience with 136 patients. Neurosurgery. 2012;70(1):70-80; discussion 80-71. doi: 10.1227/NEU.0b013e31822dda2c</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Salenave S, Gatta B, Pecheur S, et al. Pituitary magnetic resonance imaging findings do not influence surgical outcome in adrenocorticotropin-secreting microadenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;89(7):3371-3376. doi: 10.1210/jc.2003-031908</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Salenave S, Gatta B, Pecheur S, et al. Pituitary magnetic resonance imaging findings do not influence surgical outcome in adrenocorticotropin-secreting microadenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;89(7):3371-3376. doi: 10.1210/jc.2003-031908</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shimon I, Ram Z, Cohen ZR, Hadani M. Transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing’s disease: endocrinological follow-up monitoring of 82 patients. Neurosurgery. 2002;51(1):57-61; discussion 61-52.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shimon I, Ram Z, Cohen ZR, Hadani M. Transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing’s disease: endocrinological follow-up monitoring of 82 patients. Neurosurgery. 2002;51(1):57-61; discussion 61-52.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cebula H, Baussart B, Villa C, et al. Efficacy of endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing’s disease in 230 patients with positive and negative MRI. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2017;159(7):1227-1236. doi: 10.1007/s00701-017-3140-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cebula H, Baussart B, Villa C, et al. Efficacy of endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing’s disease in 230 patients with positive and negative MRI. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2017;159(7):1227-1236. doi: 10.1007/s00701-017-3140-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Patil CG, Prevedello DM, Lad SP, et al. Late recurrences of Cushing’s disease after initial successful transsphenoidal surgery. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008;93(2):358-362. doi: 10.1210/jc.2007-2013</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Patil CG, Prevedello DM, Lad SP, et al. Late recurrences of Cushing’s disease after initial successful transsphenoidal surgery. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008;93(2):358-362. doi: 10.1210/jc.2007-2013</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bochicchio D, Losa M, Buchfelder M. Factors influencing the immediate and late outcome of Cushing’s disease treated by transsphenoidal surgery: a retrospective study by the European Cushing’s Disease Survey Group. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995;80(11):3114-3120. doi: 10.1210/jcem.80.11.7593411</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bochicchio D, Losa M, Buchfelder M. Factors influencing the immediate and late outcome of Cushing’s disease treated by transsphenoidal surgery: a retrospective study by the European Cushing’s Disease Survey Group. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995;80(11):3114-3120. doi: 10.1210/jcem.80.11.7593411</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen JC, Amar AP, Choi S, et al. Transsphenoidal microsurgical treatment of Cushing disease: postoperative assessment of surgical efficacy by application of an overnight low-dose dexamethasone suppression test. J Neurosurg. 2003;98(5):967-973. doi: 10.3171/jns.2003.98.5.0967</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen JC, Amar AP, Choi S, et al. Transsphenoidal microsurgical treatment of Cushing disease: postoperative assessment of surgical efficacy by application of an overnight low-dose dexamethasone suppression test. J Neurosurg. 2003;98(5):967-973. doi: 10.3171/jns.2003.98.5.0967</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hofmann BM, Fahlbusch R. Treatment of Cushing’s disease: a retrospective clinical study of the latest 100 cases. Front Horm Res. 2006;34:158-184. doi: 10.1159/000091580</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hofmann BM, Fahlbusch R. Treatment of Cushing’s disease: a retrospective clinical study of the latest 100 cases. Front Horm Res. 2006;34:158-184. doi: 10.1159/000091580</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hammer GD, Tyrrell JB, Lamborn KR, et al. Transsphenoidal microsurgery for Cushing’s disease: initial outcome and long-term results. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;89(12):6348-6357. doi: 10.1210/jc.2003-032180</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hammer GD, Tyrrell JB, Lamborn KR, et al. Transsphenoidal microsurgery for Cushing’s disease: initial outcome and long-term results. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;89(12):6348-6357. doi: 10.1210/jc.2003-032180</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Atkinson AB, Kennedy A, Wiggam MI, et al. Long-term remission rates after pituitary surgery for Cushing’s disease: the need for long-term surveillance. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2005;63(5):549-559. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2005.02380.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Atkinson AB, Kennedy A, Wiggam MI, et al. Long-term remission rates after pituitary surgery for Cushing’s disease: the need for long-term surveillance. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2005;63(5):549-559. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2005.02380.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
