problendoПроблемы ЭндокринологииProblems of Endocrinology0375-96602308-1430Endocrinology Research Centre10.14341/probl9284problendo-9284Research ArticleОбзорыReviewsСравнительная оценка различных моделей дистальной диабетической полинейропатии у крыс: преимущества и недостаткиPhenotyping animal models of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in rats: advantages and limitationshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1129-8995АбдульваповаЗера НусредовнаAbdulvapovaZera N.

научный сотрудник

MD

zera1987@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2232-4765АртемоваЕкатерина ВикторовнаArtemovaEkaterina V.

научный сотрудник отделения "Диабетическая стопа"

MD

profilaktika@bk.ruГорбачёваАнна МаксимовнаGorbachevaAnna M.

студент очной формы специальности "Лечебное дело" факультета фундаментальной медицины

MD

ann.gorbachewa@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6581-4521ГалстянГагик РадиковичGalstyanGagik R.

д.м.н., зав. отделением «Диабетическая стопа»,

PhD, professor

galstyangagik964@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2474-9924ТокмаковаАлла ЮрьевнаTokmakovaAlla Yu.

д.м.н., г.н.с. отделения «Диабетическая стопа»

PhD

alla-tokmakova@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8776-6062ГавриловаСветлана АнатольевнаGavrilovaSvetlana A.

к.б.н., доцент кафедры Физиологии и общей патологии факультета фундаментальной медицины

PhD

sgavrilova@mail.ru<p>ФГБУ &laquo;Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии&raquo; Минздрава России</p>Россия<p>Endocrinology Research Centre</p>Russian Federation<p>ФГБО УВО &laquo;Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова&raquo;</p>Россия<p>Lomonosov Moscow State University</p>Russian Federation<p>ФГБО УВО &laquo;Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова&raquo;</p>Россия<p>Lomonosov Moscow State University</p>Russian Federation201817072018643188193Copyright &#x00A9; Абдульвапова З.Н., Артемова Е.В., Горбачёва А.М., Галстян Г.Р., Токмакова А.Ю., Гаврилова С.А., 20182018Абдульвапова З.Н., Артемова Е.В., Горбачёва А.М., Галстян Г.Р., Токмакова А.Ю., Гаврилова С.А.Abdulvapova Z.N., Artemova E.V., Gorbacheva A.M., Galstyan G.R., Tokmakova A.Y., Gavrilova S.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/9284

Диабетическая полинейропатия (ДПН) — одно из наиболее распространенных поздних осложнений сахарного диабета, а также главная причина формирования синдрома диабетической стопы и развития язвенных дефектов стоп. Данные о распространенности нейропатии среди лиц с сахарным диабетом (СД) варьируют от 28 до 65% в зависимости от длительности заболевания и методов диагностики патологии. Начальные признаки повреждения периферической нервной системы обнаруживаются уже у лиц с предиабетом. Сведения о механизмах повреждения нервного волокна при СД достаточно ограничены. Открытым также остается вопрос о типах нервных волокон, первыми вовлекающихся в процесс повреждения, и о характере нарушений репарации тканей и местного иммунного статуса, регулируемых нервной системой. Важным аспектом доклинических исследований является определение критериев инструментальной диагностики ДПН для своевременного выявления функциональных нарушений с учетом их обратимости или необратимости и анализ морфологических изменений на клеточном уровне. Моделирование дистальной ДПН на животных способствует изучению патогенеза этого осложнения СД и открывает перспективы для разработки новых лекарственных препаратов.

Diabetic polyneuropathy is one of the most common late complications of diabetes mellitus, as well as the main cause of ulcerative foot defects. The prevalence of neuropathy among people with diabetes varies from 28 to 65%, depending on the disease duration and diagnostic features. Initial signs of damage are detected as early as in prediabetes. To date, there is a fairly limited knowledge of the mechanisms of nerve fiber damage in diabetes. Also, it is unclear which type of nerve fibers is involved in damage first and how the nervous system regulates repair of tissues and local immunity. Animal models of diabetic peripheral neuropathy enable studying new aspects of the pathogenesis of this common diabetes complication and open prospects for the search and development of new drugs.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.