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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">problendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы Эндокринологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of Endocrinology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0375-9660</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2308-1430</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology Research Centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/probl9310</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">problendo-9310</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Studies</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экспрессия транскрипционных, ростовых факторов и компонентов AKT/m-TOR сигнального пути в ткани папиллярного рака щитовидной железы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Expression of transcription and growth factors and the AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway components in papillary thyroid cancer</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5269-736X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Спирина</surname><given-names>Людмила Викторовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Spirina</surname><given-names>Liudmila V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">spirinalv@oncology.tomsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2974-4778</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чижевская</surname><given-names>Светлана Юрьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chizhevskaya</surname><given-names>Sventlana Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения опухолей головы и шеи</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sch@oncology.tomsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0907-4615</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондакова</surname><given-names>Ирина Викторовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondakova</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., проф.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kondakova@oncology.tomsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>&lt;p&gt;ФГБНУ &amp;laquo;Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук&amp;raquo;;&amp;nbsp;&amp;laquo;Сибирский государственный медицинский университет&amp;raquo;&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>&lt;p&gt;Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences;&amp;nbsp;Siberian State Medical University&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>&lt;p&gt;ФГБНУ &amp;laquo;Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук&amp;raquo;&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>&lt;p&gt;Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>10</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>64</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>208</fpage><lpage>215</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Спирина Л.В., Чижевская С.Ю., Кондакова И.В., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Спирина Л.В., Чижевская С.Ю., Кондакова И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Spirina L.V., Chizhevskaya S.Y., Kondakova I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/9310">https://www.probl-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/9310</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Развитие рака щитовидной железы связано с изменением экспрессии молекулярных маркеров, к которым относят транскрипционные и ростовые факторы, а также компоненты AKT/m-TOR сигнального каскада.</p><p>Цель исследования — сравнение экспрессии транскрипционных факторов NF-κB p65 и p50, HIF-1α, HIF-2α, ростовых факторов VEGF, CAIX и VEGFR2, а также компонентов AKT/m-TOR сигнального пути в ткани папиллярного рака (ПРЩЖ) и доброкачественных опухолей щитовидной железы.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование были включены 40 больных с ПРЩЖ (7 мужчин, 33 женщины) в возрасте от 33 до 66 лет (средний возраст 52,0±2,6 года) на стадии T1-4N0-2M0. Группа сравнения представлена 22 пациентами (4 мужчины, 18 женщин) в возрасте от 38 до 66 лет (средний возраст 53,0±4,4 года) с доброкачественными опухолями щитовидной железы. Экспрессию NF-κB p65 и p50, HIF-1α, HIF-2α, ростовых факторов VEGF, CAIX и VEGFR2, а также компонентов AKT/m-TOR сигнального пути определяли методом ПЦР в реальном времени.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В ткани ПРЩЖ повышен уровень мРНК NF-κB и HIF-2α, а также мРНК протеинкиназы AKT и PTEN. Экспрессия гена c-Raf в ткани ПРЩЖ, напротив, была в 2,1 раза ниже, чем в доброкачественных опухолях. В ткани рака выявлены многочисленные положительные ассоциации между транскрипционными и ростовыми факторами, а также между компонентами AKT/m-TOR сигнального каскада. Экспрессия PTEN коррелировала с уровнем мРНК ядерного фактора NF-κB, что является косвенным признаком дисрегуляции сигнальных систем в ткани ПРЩЖ.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Для ПРЩЖ характерна активация экспрессии транскрипционных факторов NF-κB и HIF-2α; протеинкиназы AKT и фосфатазы PTEN; на фоне снижения уровня мРНК c-Raf</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background: The molecular mechanism of thyroid cancer development is associated with changes in expression of transcription factors and growth factors accompanied by modified level of the AKT/m-TOR components.</p></sec><sec><title>Aims</title><p>Aims. The aim of study was to determine NF-κB p65, NF-κB p50, HIF-1α, HIF-2α, VEGF, CAIX, VEGFR2 expression and mRNA level of the AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway components in papillary thyroid cancer compared to those in benign lesions.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods: Forty patients aged 33—66 years with T1-4N0-2M0 papillary thyroid cancer (7 males and 33 females) were enrolled in the study. The mean age was 52.0±2.6 years. The comparison group included patients with benign lesions of thyroid tissue (4 males and 18 females) aged 38—66 years (mean age, 53.0±4.4 years). Expression levels of NF-κB p65, NF-κB p50, HIF-1α, HIF-2α, VEGF, CAIX, VEGFR2, and the AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway components were determined by RT-PCR using specific primers.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: Increased expression of transcription factors NF-κB and HIF-2α was found in papillary thyroid cancer. The levels of AKT and PTEN mRNA were elevated in transformed tissues. c-Raf expression was reduced 2.1-fold in cancer compared to that in thyroid tissues with benign lesions. Multiple positive correlations were revealed between transcription and growth factors and the AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway components in cancer. An association between PTEN expression and the NF-κB mRNA level was revealed, being a sign of deregulation in the signaling cascade in cancer tissues.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions: Overexpression of NF-κB, HIF-2α, AKT, PTEN and reduction of c-Raf expression is typical of thyroid papillary cancer.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>папиллярный рак щитовидной железы</kwd><kwd>транскрипционные факторы</kwd><kwd>ростовые факторы</kwd><kwd>компоненты AKT/m-TOR сигнального пути</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>papillary thyroid cancer</kwd><kwd>transcription factors</kwd><kwd>growth factors</kwd><kwd>AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway components</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Злокачественные новообразования в России в 2015 г. (заболеваемость и смертность)/ Под ред. 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