Thyroid cancer
https://doi.org/10.14341/probl200551443-53
Abstract
The prevalence of nodular lesions of the thyroid gland (thyroid gland), according to various researchers, ranges from 3 to 7%]. The widespread introduction of ultrasound (ultrasound) in clinical practice, as well as the results of autopsy studies, showed that the prevalence of nodular lesions of the thyroid gland is much higher and is about 50%, especially at the age of over 50. In women, thyroid nodes are detected 2-4 times more often than in men. Children suffer from nodular lesions extremely rarely. The incidence of nodular goiter is directly proportional to age. The increase in the incidence of nodular goiter is approximately 0.1% per year at a young age and gradually reaches 2%. The prevalence of thyroid cancer (thyroid cancer) among nodular goiter, according to various authors, is from 1 to 6%. It should be noted that the prevalence in the population of nodular goiter is so high both in the regions of iodine deficiency and with normal iodine supply, but in the first case it is slightly higher. The incidence of thyroid cancer in absolute terms does not depend on the level of iodine supply. Thus, in a situation of a slightly higher incidence of banal nodular colloid goiter in the regions of iodine deficiency, the proportion of cancer among all cases of nodular goiter will be less. It is important to note that these data make it possible to equally use the results of studies on thyroid cancer obtained in regions with different iodine supply.
About the Authors
V. E. VanushkoEndocrinology Research Centre
Russian Federation
N. S. Kuznetsov
Endocrinology Research Centre
Russian Federation
P. I. Garbuzov
Medical Research Radiological Center of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences
Russian Federation
V. V. Fadeyev
I.M.Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy
Russian Federation
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For citations:
Vanushko V.E., Kuznetsov N.S., Garbuzov P.I., Fadeyev V.V. Thyroid cancer. Problems of Endocrinology. 2005;51(4):43-53. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.14341/probl200551443-53

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