The hereditary predisposition features of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults

There are the results of complex study of features formation of hereditary predisposition to latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA).

The aim of the study was the complex analysis of LADA hereditary predisposition with using of genealogical, genetic-demographic and molecular-genetic methods.

Material and methods. Genetic and genetic-demographic research is spent at 1155 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, the analysis of distribution of polymorphism С1858Т of gene PTPN22 is executed at 599 DM patients and 253 healthy ones; 49A/G gene CTLA4 — at 300 DM patients and 44 control group persons; Е23К gene KCNJ11 — at 231 DM patients and 44 healthy ones. Testing of polygene and genetic heterogeneity inheritance models are held; the interrelation of crossbreeding degree sick and DM family accumulation is studied; definition of single nucleotide polymorphisms were carried out with the help of polymerase chain reaction and restrict analysis.

Results. It has been shown, that LADA is genetically independent DM form, is described by parameters of polygenic threshold model, in its inheritance the essential role belongs to hereditary factors (59,2%), are available nonlinear intraloci and interallelic (GD=1,2%) interactions and influence of some genes with the expressed effect in determination of this form of disease is possible. In LADA genetic control system has about identical quantity of the common genes with DM type 1 and 2 (65,3 and 66,1%, accordingly). Change of family accumulation type 1 and 2 DM among 1 and 2nd degree of relationship relatives at LADA patients with crossbreeding degree augmentation differs from that at patients both type 1, and 2 DM. It has been shown, that the Е23К of gene KCNJ11, 49A/G gene CTLA4 and С1858Т gene PTPN22 polymorphisms in the Kharkov population are associated with LADA, type 1 and 2 DM and raised the risk of their development. The homozygous carriage 23K/K gene KCNJ11, 49G/G gene and 1858T/T gene PTPN22 corresponds to the greatest risk of the LADA development.

Conclusions. The carried out complex research has taped the LADA genetic independence what can form the establishment for specification of classification of this DM form.

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