Assessment of the risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children with borderline fasting hyperglycemia by determining islet-cell autoantibodies

Abstract

The role of borderline fasting hyperglycemia (BFHG) as a risk factor of type 1 diabetes mellitus was studied in children without a family history of diabetes. A prospective study included 19 children (mean age 10.31±4.53 years; M±σ) with BFHG and 69 children without glucose exchange impairments (mean age 10.78±3.47years). Islet-cell autoantibodies (ICAs) were determined once at the beginning of the study. The three-year cumulative risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children without glucose metabolic disorders and in those with BFHG who had no ICAs was equal to zero and that in children with BFHG and ICAs was 100%. It has been established that the presence of ICAs in children with BFHG points to the preclinical period of type 1 diabetes mellitus. It is recommended that ICAs and other markers of autoimmune β-cell destruction should be studied in all children with BFHG. When these markers are detected, it is necessary to make preventive measures aimed at suppressing the progression of the disease and at preventing its sudden manifestation